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A country's birth rate is declining, total population is still growing, and the elderly share is also rising. How can this be explained?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Slower growth and population ageing can occur together

A falling birth rate, continued population growth, and a rising elderly share can occur together. Population totals do not respond instantly to a change in births. People already living in the country, demographic momentum, longer life expectancy, and possible positive migration may keep the total population increasing for some time.

At the same time, fewer births reduce the proportion of children. If people live longer, older age groups become a larger share of the population. Therefore slower growth and population ageing can happen together, so option A is correct. Option C is too immediate, while option B incorrectly assumes that a growing total must always have a young age structure.

Related tags

Population AgeingDeclining Birth RateSlow GrowthDemographic MomentumPopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And Growth

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