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If gross migration is very high but net migration is nearly zero, why can population composition still change?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Arrivals and departures may differ in age, skills, or sex

Gross migration counts all movement into and out of a region, while net migration is only the difference between arrivals and departures. Therefore, net migration near zero means the numbers may balance, but it does not mean that the same kinds of people moved. The characteristics of movers can still alter population composition.

For example, if many young skilled workers arrive while older or less-skilled people leave, total population may remain almost unchanged, but the shares of age groups, skills, and possibly sexes will change. Hence option A is correct. Zero net migration does not mean zero movement. Gross migration can have important demographic effects even when its numerical balance is nearly zero.

Related tags

Gross MigrationNet MigrationPopulation CompositionSelective MigrationPopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And Growth

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