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Why can school enrolment remain high for several years after fertility begins to decline?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Large cohorts born earlier are still passing through school ages

Fertility decline affects school-age population with a delay. Children born before fertility began to fall do not disappear from the population when the birth rate changes. A large group born in earlier years continues to move through primary and secondary school ages, so schools may still have many students for several years.

This is called a population or age-structure effect: the size of earlier birth cohorts influences present enrolment. Only after the smaller cohorts born following the fertility decline reach school age will enrolment begin to fall substantially, assuming migration and schooling patterns do not offset the change. Thus option A is correct. Declining fertility does not immediately increase demand, and schools do not create population growth.

Related tags

Fertility DeclineSchool Age PopulationCohort EffectDemographic LagPopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And Growth

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