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If a country has a very large child population and child mortality declines rapidly, what effect on population growth is likely in the medium term?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: More surviving children can increase future population size

A large child population creates a strong age-structure effect. When child mortality falls, more children who have already been born survive into later childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. This increases the number of people who can form families and join the working-age population in the future. The effect is especially important when fertility does not decline equally quickly.

Thus option A is correct: more surviving children can increase future population size. Population will not necessarily decline immediately, and a lower child mortality rate does not make the birth rate zero. Age structure remains highly relevant because the large young group can produce population momentum even when fertility later falls.

Related tags

Child Mortality DeclineDemographic MomentumYoung PopulationPopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And GrowthGeography

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