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A country's population growth rate is declining, yet each year it adds more people than the year before. How can this apparent contradiction be possible?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: A growing population base can offset the effect of a lower rate

Percentage growth and absolute growth are related but not identical. The percentage rate tells us what fraction of the existing population is added, while absolute growth tells us the actual number of people added. Absolute growth is found by multiplying the rate by the population base. As the base becomes larger, even a smaller percentage can represent a larger number of people.

For example, 2 percent of 10 million is 200000, but 0.9 percent of 30 million is 270000. Thus the rate can decline while the number added rises. Option A correctly identifies the growing population base as the explanation. Option B is false because the situation is mathematically possible; option C confuses rate with number, and option D is too restrictive because migration is not required for this result.

Related tags

Population BaseDeclining Growth RateAbsolute IncreasePopulation DynamicsPopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And Growth

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