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A country's growth rate is declining while the share of elderly people is rising. Which long-term demographic situation may this indicate?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Population ageing and slow growth

A falling growth rate usually means that births are contributing less to population increase. If this continues, younger age groups may form a smaller share of the population, while people who survive to older ages form a larger share. This gradual change in the age structure is called population ageing and is often associated with slower population growth.

Thus option B, population ageing and slow growth, best matches both clues. A young population with high fertility would normally produce faster growth, not the stated pattern. Rapid population explosion is also inconsistent with declining growth. High immigration alone cannot be concluded because the question gives no evidence about migration and focuses on the age structure.

Related tags

Population AgeingSlow GrowthAge StructureDemographic TransitionPopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And Growth

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