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A country has a birth rate of 18 per thousand, a death rate of 7 per thousand and a net migration rate of negative 3 per thousand. What is the simple total growth rate?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 8 per thousand

Natural increase is found by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate. Here it is \(18-7=11\) per thousand. Net migration is negative 3 per thousand, which means more people leave the country than enter it. This loss must be subtracted from the natural increase rather than added as a positive contribution.

Therefore, total growth is \(11+(-3)=8\) per thousand, or equivalently \(11-3=8\) per thousand. Option A is correct. The value 11 per thousand represents only natural increase and ignores migration. A negative migration rate does not mean that migration is zero; it reduces the total growth produced by births and deaths.

Related tags

Total Growth RateBirth Death MigrationPer Thousand RatePopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And GrowthGeography

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