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If a country has a very high share of elderly people and a very low birth rate, what effect on natural increase is likely?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Natural increase may be low or negative

Natural increase is the difference between births and deaths, without including migration. A very low birth rate means that relatively few new people are being added. If the elderly share is very large, the population may have more deaths because many people are in older age groups. These two conditions can make the difference between births and deaths small or even below zero.

Thus option B is correct: natural increase may be low or negative. It is not necessarily rapid, and it cannot always be exactly 10 percent. Age structure matters because it influences both the number of people likely to have children and the number exposed to older-age mortality. Migration could still make total population grow, but that would be net population change rather than natural increase. The answer concerns births minus deaths only.

Related tags

Ageing PopulationLow Birth RateNatural DecreasePopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And GrowthGeography

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