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Under which condition can total population decline even when natural increase is positive?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Negative net migration exceeds natural increase

Natural increase is positive when births exceed deaths, but total population also depends on migration. The relevant relationship is total change = natural increase + net migration. If net migration is negative because more people leave than enter, and this negative amount is larger than the positive natural increase, the combined change becomes negative. Consequently, the total population declines even though the country has more births than deaths. Option A is correct.

For example, if natural increase is +10,000 but net migration is −15,000, total change is −5,000. High immigration would push population upward, and no emigration would remove the stated cause of decline. Births exceeding deaths alone describe natural increase, not the complete population balance. Thus migration must be included when judging total population change.

Related tags

Negative Net MigrationPositive Natural IncreasePopulation DeclineMigration EffectPopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And Growth

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