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What are the three main components that influence population growth?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Births, deaths and migration

Population change is produced by three direct demographic components: births, deaths, and migration. Births add new members to a population. Deaths remove members. Migration changes the population when people move in or out: immigration increases the population of a place, while emigration decreases it. The balance of these processes determines whether population grows, falls, or remains nearly stable.

Option A is correct. A useful expression is: population change = births − deaths + immigration − emigration. Rainfall, temperature, soil, industry, roads, ports, altitude, latitude, and slope can influence where people live and how demographic processes occur, but they are not the three direct components of population growth. Thus B, C, and D list influencing conditions or physical features rather than the required demographic components.

Related tags

Population ComponentsBirth Death MigrationPopulation GrowthDemographyThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And GrowthGeography

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