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If a country's population pyramid has a narrow base while the upper age groups are becoming relatively wider, what is the main demographic signal?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Population is ageing

A population pyramid’s base represents younger ages, while its upper sections represent older ages. A narrow base usually means fewer births and smaller numbers entering childhood. If the upper groups become relatively wider, more people are surviving to older ages and older people form a larger share of the population. Together, these features indicate demographic ageing.

Option A is therefore correct. It does not mean that every working-age group has disappeared; working-age people may still be numerous for some time. Nor does it indicate rapidly rising fertility, which would normally widen the base. The exact pace of ageing depends on mortality, migration and fertility, but the described shape clearly signals a shift toward an older population.

Related tags

Population AgeingNarrow BaseElderly PopulationAge PyramidDemographyAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeography

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