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If the number of births is declining while the number of women of reproductive age is increasing, which conclusion is most appropriate?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Fertility per woman may be declining sufficiently rapidly

Total births depend on two linked factors: the number of women in reproductive ages and the average number of children each woman has. A country may have more women in those ages because of an earlier large birth cohort, yet still record fewer births if fertility per woman falls sufficiently. This can happen when marriage or childbearing is delayed, family size preferences change, or education and access to contraception improve. Therefore the number of potential mothers alone does not determine total births.

Choice A is correct because it explains how births can decline despite growth in the reproductive-age population. The birth rate does not have to be increasing; it may be falling. Age structure does affect births, so choice C is false. Women of reproductive age can have children, but the question concerns the average number, not biological inability. The conclusion is appropriately cautious because the exact fertility change is not provided.

Related tags

Fertility RateReproductive Age WomenBirthsAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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