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If elderly people form 18 percent of a country's population but elderly health expenditure is lower than expected, which factor best explains this?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Healthy life expectancy may be high

The proportion of elderly people indicates the age structure, but it does not by itself determine total health expenditure. Medical spending among older people depends greatly on their health condition, disability, disease burden, access to care, prices, and the organisation of the health system. A country may have 18% elderly people while many of them remain healthy and independent for a long period. In that situation, their average need for expensive treatment may be lower than expected.

High healthy life expectancy is therefore the best explanation among the choices. It means people live many years in relatively good health, delaying or reducing intensive medical care. The statement that elderly people never use health services is an unreasonable absolute claim, and age structure does affect health demand. The elderly population cannot be zero when it forms 18% of the total. Hence option A is correct.

Related tags

Healthy AgeingElderly HealthHealth ExpenditurePopulation AgeingAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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