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If strong in-migration of young adults raises the working-age share while fertility remains very low, which long-term change is possible?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: The working-age advantage may be temporary because migrants also age

In-migration of young adults can quickly increase the working-age share because migrants are already near or within working age. This may reduce the dependency burden temporarily and support the labour force. However, migration does not permanently change the ageing process. Migrants grow older, and very low fertility continues to produce small younger cohorts among the resident population.

Therefore, the working-age advantage may be temporary because migrants will also age, making option B correct. Option A is too absolute: ageing cannot be assumed to disappear permanently. Option C does not follow from migration, and option D is wrong because sustained low fertility continues to affect the future age structure. The exact duration of the advantage depends on migrant numbers, ages, retention, fertility, and later migration patterns.

Related tags

Young MigrationWorking Age ShareLow FertilityFuture AgeingAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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