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If the 0 to 4 age group in a population pyramid is much smaller than the 5 to 9 age group, which recent demographic change is most likely?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Fertility has recently declined

The 0–4 age group consists of children born most recently, whereas the 5–9 group represents births from an earlier five-year period. If the younger group is much smaller, fewer children have been born recently than in the preceding period. The most likely explanation is a recent decline in fertility or birth rates. A rise in fertility would normally enlarge the 0–4 base, not reduce it. Changes in elderly mortality or elderly migration would mainly affect the upper part of the pyramid and cannot directly explain the contrast between these two child cohorts. Hence, option B is correct.

Related tags

Fertility DeclinePopulation PyramidChild CohortsAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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