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If a country's child share falls from 35 to 25 percent, elderly share rises from 5 to 15 percent, and the working-age share remains unchanged, what has changed?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: The composition of dependents shifted from younger toward older ages

Dependency has two components: children and older persons. Initially, the dependent share is \(35+5=40\) percent. After the change, it is \(25+15=40\) percent. Since the working-age share remains unchanged, the total number of dependants relative to the whole population has not changed. What has changed is the balance within the dependent group: the child share has fallen by 10 percentage points, while the elderly share has risen by 10 percentage points.

Therefore, option C is correct. The composition of dependants has shifted from mainly young dependants toward older dependants. It would be incorrect to say total dependency increased or decreased, because the two dependent shares still add to 40 percent. The working-age share also has not doubled; the question explicitly states that it remains constant. This distinction is important because total dependency and the age composition of dependency describe different demographic features.

Related tags

Dependent CompositionPopulation AgeingTotal DependencyAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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