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A country has a low share of children, a rising share of elderly people, and its total population begins to decline after some time. Which demographic situation does this most closely match?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Advanced demographic transition with population ageing

The governing concept is demographic transition. In an advanced stage, fertility becomes low, life expectancy is generally high, and successive birth cohorts may become smaller than older cohorts. Consequently, the share of children falls, the elderly share rises, and total population growth can slow to zero or become negative after some time. Option A correctly combines these indicators. Option B would normally produce a broad-based population pyramid, a large child population and rapid growth. High infant mortality alone cannot explain an increasing elderly share, and school enrolment is not a demographic stage. The pattern therefore indicates advanced transition with ageing.

Related tags

Demographic TransitionPopulation AgeingLow FertilityAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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