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The base of a country's age pyramid is becoming progressively narrower. What is the most likely direct cause?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: A decline in births or fertility in recent years

The governing concept is the interpretation of an age pyramid. Its base represents the youngest age cohorts, so the width of the base depends primarily on the number of recent births and the fertility level. A progressively narrower base means that successive younger cohorts are smaller, which directly indicates declining births or fertility. Option B is biologically impossible and reverses the meaning of the pyramid. Option C could influence the middle portion if working-age people migrate, but it would not be the direct explanation for a sustained narrowing at the base. Option D is also incorrect because zero mortality would affect survival and older cohorts, not create fewer births. Therefore option A is unambiguous.

Related tags

Age PyramidFertility DeclineBirth RateYoung PopulationAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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