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In a country, child dependency is declining while old-age dependency is rising. This change is most strongly associated with which broad process?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Demographic transition and population ageing

Declining child dependency is usually linked to lower fertility, while rising old-age dependency is associated with lower mortality, longer life expectancy and the ageing of large cohorts. Together, these trends are characteristic of an advanced stage of demographic transition and population ageing. Option B is incorrect because immigration may alter age composition, but it does not by itself explain a long-term combination of falling child dependency and rising elderly dependency. In examinations, both indicators should be connected with changes in fertility, mortality and survival.

Related tags

Demographic TransitionChild DependencyOld Age DependencyPopulation AgeingAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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