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If young workers continuously migrate out, why may elderly dependency rise in the origin area?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: The working-age group declines while elderly people may remain

Age dependency compares people who are commonly dependent, such as children and older adults, with people in the working-age group. When many young workers leave an origin area, the number of working-age residents falls. Older people may remain behind because they are less able or less likely to migrate. As a result, the number of elderly people per working-age person can rise, so elderly dependency may increase. Option A correctly describes this process.

This does not mean that every older person remains or that the elderly population must grow in absolute numbers. The key change may be in the ratio: the denominator, the working-age group, becomes smaller while the elderly group remains fairly stable. Out-migration therefore can alter age structure even without changing births or deaths immediately. It does not automatically reduce the elderly population, have no effect on age composition, or make child dependency zero. Hence option A is the balanced conclusion.

Related tags

Youth Out MigrationElderly DependencyWorking Age DeclineAge Selective MigrationAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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