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If the number of children remains unchanged but the working-age population increases by 20 percent, what may happen to child dependency?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: It may decline

Child dependency compares the number of children with the number of people in the working-age group. A common expression is \(\text{child dependency ratio}=\frac{\text{children}}{\text{working-age population}}\times100\). If the number of children stays unchanged but the working-age population rises by 20 percent, the denominator becomes larger while the numerator remains the same. The ratio therefore falls. For example, if there are 40 children and 100 working-age people, the ratio is 40 per 100; with 120 working-age people, it becomes about 33.3 per 100. Hence option B is correct.

The decrease is not necessarily a change in the number of children; it is a decrease in children relative to each working-age person. The ratio cannot increase under the stated conditions, unless some additional change affects the figures. It also need not remain unchanged, and it does not become elderly dependency, which measures older people relative to the working-age population. A larger working-age group can therefore reduce the burden of child dependency even when the child population itself is stable.

Related tags

Child DependencyWorking Age GrowthDependency RatioAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 McqRdgdfgdfg

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