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If the base of a country's population pyramid was previously broad but is now steadily narrowing, which change is most likely?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Fertility is declining

The base of a population pyramid shows the size of the youngest age groups. When the base was broad in the past but is now becoming steadily narrower, recent birth cohorts are smaller than earlier ones. The most direct demographic explanation is that fewer babies are being born, meaning fertility or the birth rate is declining.

Thus, option A is correct. A rapidly rising birth rate would normally widen the base, not narrow it. Rising elderly mortality affects older sections of the pyramid and cannot directly explain a smaller group of young children. Likewise, the working-age population does not disappear immediately simply because the base narrows; those children will affect future age structure over many years.

Related tags

Population PyramidNarrow BaseFertility DeclineAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 McqRdgdfgdfg

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