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If a country has a large child population while fertility is gradually declining, what change may occur over the next two decades?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Working-age share may increase

A large child population today will gradually move into the working-age group as those children grow up. At the same time, declining fertility means that the younger cohorts entering the population will be smaller than earlier cohorts. These two processes together can increase the share of people in working ages over the next two decades. The total number of children may not immediately fall, because the existing large cohort is still present, but its proportion can decline as it ages.

Option A is correct because the present child cohort can become tomorrow’s working-age population, while lower fertility reduces the relative size of new child cohorts. The child population will not necessarily keep increasing forever. The elderly cannot immediately become the majority because ageing takes time, and the working-age population will not disappear. The likely pattern is a gradual shift toward a larger working-age share, provided survival and migration do not radically alter the structure.

Related tags

Child CohortWorking Age GrowthFertility DeclineDemographic WindowAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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