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If life expectancy rises significantly in a country, which part of the population pyramid may be affected in the long run?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Upper part

Life expectancy is the average number of years people are expected to live. When it rises, a greater proportion of each birth cohort survives into older ages. The effect may not appear immediately, because population pyramids reflect the accumulated structure of the whole population. Over time, however, more people move into the older age groups, so the upper part of the pyramid can become wider or less sharply narrow. The exact shape also depends on fertility, mortality, and migration.

Thus, option A is the best answer. A rise in life expectancy does not affect only newborns or only the base; it changes survival across the age distribution and is most directly visible in the older sections in the long run. The statement does not claim that every other part remains unchanged. It identifies the part where the cumulative effect is expected to be especially clear: the upper portion representing older people.

Related tags

Life ExpectancyPyramid TopElderly PopulationPopulation AgeingAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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