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Under which circumstance is elderly dependency most likely to increase?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Life expectancy rises and fertility is low

Elderly dependency rises when older people make up a larger share compared with the working-age population. Longer life expectancy allows more people to survive into old age. At the same time, low fertility produces smaller younger generations, so there are relatively fewer future workers supporting or providing services for older people. The combination of more elderly survivors and fewer children is therefore especially likely to increase the elderly dependency ratio.

Option A is correct because it combines rising life expectancy with low fertility. Option B would usually create a younger population, with a larger child dependency burden rather than an elderly one. Option C also concerns child dependency, not elderly dependency. Option D tends to lower the elderly dependency ratio if the working-age population grows faster than the elderly population. The ratio is relative, so both age groups must be considered.

Related tags

Elderly DependencyLife ExpectancyLow FertilityPopulation AgeingAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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