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If the upper section of a population pyramid is widening over time, what is the most likely reason?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: More people are surviving to older ages

A population pyramid places younger ages at the bottom and older ages toward the top. If the upper section widens over time, older age groups contain more people relative to the past. This usually reflects better survival to advanced ages, resulting from improved healthcare, nutrition, sanitation, living conditions, or other reductions in mortality. It may also reflect the ageing of a large earlier generation, so the exact cause can vary.

Choice A is the best answer because it describes the most direct demographic meaning of a wider upper section. Rising fertility would mainly broaden the base, not the top. A doubling of children would also affect the lower part, while universal out-migration would not specifically produce a wider elderly section. The diagram indicates an increasing older population share, not necessarily one single cause in every case.

Related tags

Pyramid Upper SectionLife ExpectancyElderly PopulationPopulation AgeingAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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