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In which age structure is greater pressure on pension systems likely?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Ageing population

Pension systems transfer resources to people who have stopped working or have limited earning capacity. When the share of older people rises, more individuals may receive pensions for longer periods, while the relative number of workers contributing taxes or contributions may become smaller. This can place greater financial and administrative pressure on pension systems.

An ageing population therefore usually creates more demand for pensions, elderly care, health services, and social support. A youthful population may require major investment in schools and child health, but it does not normally place the greatest immediate pressure on pensions. A high-birth population is not necessarily an ageing population, and a child-only population cannot explain high pension spending. Hence B is correct. The exact pressure also depends on retirement ages, pension design, employment, and government finances.

Related tags

Ageing PopulationPension PressureElderly CareAge CompositionAge StructurePopulation CompositionGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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