Why is the study of age structure important for a country?

Correct answer: It helps estimate economic and social needs

Age structure describes how a population is divided among children, working-age adults, and older people. These groups usually have different needs and different relationships with employment and dependency. A country with many children may need more schools, teachers, vaccination, and child health services. A country with a large working-age group needs jobs, training, transport, and housing. A country with many older people may need pensions, medical care, and support services.

Because of this, age structure helps governments estimate both present and future economic and social requirements. It also helps planners understand the dependency burden and prepare budgets and policies. Therefore option B is correct. Rainfall, geographical boundaries, and soil types are studied through other geographical methods; age structure does not directly measure any of them. Its practical value lies in population planning and resource allocation.