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Which problem may arise from excessive irrigation?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Waterlogging

The governing concept is the environmental effect of mismanaged irrigation. When more water is applied than the soil and crops can absorb or drainage can remove, soil pores become filled with water and the groundwater table may rise. This condition is called waterlogging. It reduces the air available to plant roots, interferes with root respiration, weakens crops, and may encourage further salt accumulation when water evaporates. Therefore, option A is correct. Glacier growth, sea trade, and air purification are not direct consequences of excessive irrigation. Efficient scheduling, suitable drainage, modern irrigation methods, and applying only the required quantity can reduce the risk. Over-irrigation may also contribute to soil salinity, another form of land degradation.

Related tags

Over-IrrigationWaterloggingSoil SalinityLand DegradationWater ScarcityGeographical Perspective On Selected Issues And ProblemsGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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