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SubjectsPolitical Science
अधिकार
In this Class 11 Political Science topic from Part 2: Political Theory, students examine rights as justified claims that enable people to live with dignity, freedom, and equality. They explore why rights matter in a democracy, how rights are related to duties and the role of the state, and how constitutional and human rights protect individuals. The topic also helps students consider reasonable limits on rights, conflicts between competing claims, and the ways citizens can question authority and seek justice.
Correct answer: B. Whether the claim is linked to justice, dignity, and social recognition
Explanation: Step 1: Every demand is not a right. Step 2: To become a right, a claim must be just, linked to dignity, and socially recognized. Step 3: In exams, understand a right as a legitimate claim, not a simple wish.
Correct answer: A. The practical effectiveness of the right remains weak
Explanation: Step 1: Written acceptance of a right is not enough. Step 2: Without institutions, procedures, and remedies, citizens cannot use it properly. Step 3: In exams, distinguish recognition from implementation.
Correct answer: C. It shows that every person is entitled to a life of respect
Explanation: Step 1: Dignity is linked to human respect. Step 2: Rights protect this respect so that a person is not treated like an object or tool. Step 3: In exams, treat dignity as the moral basis of rights.
Correct answer: D. Balance of purpose, necessity, and proportionality
Explanation: Step 1: Every limit on rights is not unjust. Step 2: A valid limit needs a proper purpose, necessity, and no excessive restriction. Step 3: In exams, test the validity of limits through balance.
Correct answer: B. Moral rights may sometimes become the basis for demanding future legal rights
Explanation: Step 1: Moral rights are based on justice and moral acceptance. Step 2: With social change, such claims may take legal form. Step 3: In exams, moral rights can be seen as a starting point for the growth of rights.
Correct answer: A. Cultural right
Explanation: Step 1: Language is an important part of a community’s identity. Step 2: Education in one’s language can protect culture and self-respect. Step 3: In exams, connect language-related issues with cultural rights.
Correct answer: C. Because using one’s rights is linked with respecting others’ rights
Explanation: Step 1: Rights give freedom to individuals. Step 2: That freedom remains just only when a person accepts equal freedom for others. Step 3: In exams, treat rights and duties as complementary.
Correct answer: D. The right places a constitutional limit on state power
Explanation: Step 1: A constitution binds state power through rules. Step 2: A constitutional right protects citizens against arbitrariness. Step 3: In exams, understand rights as limits on state power.
Correct answer: B. Because fair equality must consider unequal conditions
Explanation: Step 1: Everyone does not start from the same position in society. Step 2: Special support may be justified to give disadvantaged groups real opportunity. Step 3: In exams, connect equality with the ability to reach fair outcomes.
Correct answer: A. Criticizing peacefully without spreading false rumours
Explanation: Step 1: Expression is necessary in democracy. Step 2: But false rumours or incitement to violence harm the safety of others. Step 3: In exams, always see responsibility along with freedom.
Correct answer: A. Because they are based on a claim to dignified life, not charity
Explanation: Step 1: A welfare scheme may be a government policy. Step 2: Social and economic rights are claims linked to dignity and minimum conditions of life. Step 3: In exams, distinguish charity from rights.
Correct answer: B. Dignity of being human
Explanation: Step 1: Civil rights may be linked to membership of a state. Step 2: Human rights are considered based on basic human dignity. Step 3: In exams, separate the basis of citizenship from humanity.
Correct answer: B. Uncontrolled collection and use of personal information
Explanation: Step 1: In modern life, a lot of personal information is stored digitally. Step 2: Uncontrolled use of it can affect personal freedom and dignity. Step 3: In exams, connect privacy with information protection.
Correct answer: A. People have voting rights but lack education and information to make decisions
Explanation: Step 1: Political rights provide the basis for participation. Step 2: Without education and information, citizens cannot use them fully. Step 3: In exams, do not treat rights as isolated boxes.
Correct answer: C. Rule of law and personal liberty
Explanation: Step 1: Arbitrary arrest harms personal liberty. Step 2: Rule of law means the state must also act according to law. Step 3: In exams, look for legal procedure in arrest-related cases.
Correct answer: A. Transparency and accountability
Explanation: Step 1: In democracy, citizens should be able to understand government work. Step 2: Without information, questioning the government becomes difficult. Step 3: In exams, connect information with accountability.
Correct answer: A. It actively demands a facility or arrangement from the state
Explanation: Step 1: Some rights demand only non-interference. Step 2: A positive right asks the state to provide arrangements like education, health, or safety. Step 3: In exams, link active state role with positive rights.
Correct answer: B. The state should not restrict personal freedom without proper reason
Explanation: Step 1: A negative right demands that the state avoid unnecessary interference. Step 2: It protects a sphere of personal freedom. Step 3: In exams, remember negative rights as freedom from restraint.
Correct answer: A. Because a clean environment is a condition for health and dignified life
Explanation: Step 1: A polluted environment affects a person’s health. Step 2: A healthy and safe environment is necessary for dignified life. Step 3: In exams, understand the right to life in a broad sense.
Correct answer: B. Because the condition of rights also depends on practice, access, and remedies
Explanation: Step 1: Law recognizes rights. Step 2: But the real difference appears when citizens can use them in practice. Step 3: In exams, look at both written rights and lived experience.
Correct answer: B. Private powers can also affect rights
Explanation: Step 1: Rights are not violated only by government. Step 2: Private institutions can also affect workers’ safety and dignity. Step 3: In exams, consider both state and private power in rights protection.
Correct answer: C. Because children need safety as well as opportunities for education and development
Explanation: Step 1: Children are vulnerable and still developing. Step 2: They need protection from harm as well as opportunities for education and growth. Step 3: In exams, understand children’s rights through protection and development.
Correct answer: B. When the limit protects public order, health, or others’ rights
Explanation: Step 1: Religious freedom allows a person to hold and practice faith. Step 2: But its use cannot harm others’ freedom or public order. Step 3: In exams, see valid limits along with religious rights.
Correct answer: B. Because they allow citizens to participate in the process of governance
Explanation: Step 1: In democracy, people do not merely receive rule. Step 2: Rights like voting, expression, and association make citizens participants. Step 3: In exams, link political rights with participation.
Correct answer: B. Because new conditions and new injustices appear in society
Explanation: Step 1: Society does not remain static. Step 2: New technology, environmental crises, and social change can create the need for new rights. Step 3: In exams, connect rights with changing needs.
