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SubjectsPolitical Science
अधिकार
In this Class 11 Political Science topic from Part 2: Political Theory, students examine rights as justified claims that enable people to live with dignity, freedom, and equality. They explore why rights matter in a democracy, how rights are related to duties and the role of the state, and how constitutional and human rights protect individuals. The topic also helps students consider reasonable limits on rights, conflicts between competing claims, and the ways citizens can question authority and seek justice.
Correct answer: A. Equality and fairness of opportunity
Explanation: Step 1: Denying a qualified person on identity grounds can be unfair discrimination. Step 2: Equality and fairness of opportunity challenge such treatment. Step 3: In admission and employment questions, look for equality of opportunity.
Correct answer: B. Because safe and fair working conditions are linked with a dignified life
Explanation: Step 1: Work is linked with livelihood and self-respect. Step 2: Unsafe and unfair work harms dignity. Step 3: Link workers' rights with dignified life.
Correct answer: A. Every right is exercised in relation to others' rights and public interest
Explanation: Step 1: Rights are exercised while living in society. Step 2: Therefore they connect with others' freedom and public good. Step 3: Understand rights in the context of social relations.
Correct answer: B. When a practice harms another person's dignity or safety
Explanation: Step 1: Religious freedom is important. Step 2: But it cannot be exercised by harming another person's dignity or safety. Step 3: Balance religious freedom with public order and rights.
Correct answer: A. It allows courts to examine the constitutionality of state action
Explanation: Step 1: State power is also bound by the constitution. Step 2: Judicial review lets courts see whether a law or action respects rights. Step 3: Link it with protection of the constitution.
Correct answer: A. Because misuse of personal information can affect freedom and dignity
Explanation: Step 1: Personal information is linked with a person's life and choices. Step 2: Its misuse can lead to control, discrimination, or humiliation. Step 3: Link privacy with dignity and liberty.
Correct answer: C. The state protects rights and can sometimes also become a threat to them
Explanation: Step 1: The state can protect rights through law and institutions. Step 2: But with excessive power, the same state can act arbitrarily. Step 3: Understand the state as both protector and possible threat.
Correct answer: A. Individual freedom and dignity may weaken
Explanation: Step 1: Duties are important, but rights are also necessary. Step 2: Without rights, a person may become unsafe against social or state arbitrariness. Step 3: Write about balance between rights and duties.
Correct answer: B. Because dignity shows that every person deserves respectful treatment
Explanation: Step 1: Dignity is linked with basic human respect. Step 2: Rights protect this respect from humiliation, fear, and arbitrariness. Step 3: Remember dignity as a foundation of rights.
Correct answer: C. Question of balance between privacy and state power
Explanation: Step 1: Security is important, but state power cannot be unlimited. Step 2: Unjustified mass surveillance can affect privacy and liberty. Step 3: Write about balance between security and privacy.
Correct answer: B. To provide dignity and opportunity to weaker and disadvantaged people
Explanation: Step 1: Social justice recognizes inequalities in society. Step 2: Rights help weaker groups gain protection, opportunity, and respect. Step 3: Link rights with equal opportunity and dignity.
Correct answer: A. Because the meaning and limits of rights become clearer through social discussion
Explanation: Step 1: Rights are questions connected with social life. Step 2: Public debate brings different experiences and needs forward. Step 3: Link rights with democratic dialogue.
Correct answer: A. When schools exist but access, cost, and safety barriers remain for poor children
Explanation: Step 1: Writing a right is necessary, but real access is also necessary. Step 2: If poor children cannot attend school due to barriers, the right remains incomplete. Step 3: In education rights, mention availability and access.
Correct answer: A. Individual rights relate to a person, while collective rights relate to a group's identity or interests
Explanation: Step 1: Individual rights may relate to a person's freedom and security. Step 2: Collective rights relate to language, culture, or community identity. Step 3: Explain the difference with examples.
Correct answer: A. The challenge of balancing collective rights and individual liberty
Explanation: Step 1: Protecting culture is important. Step 2: But suppressing dignity and liberty in the name of culture creates a problem. Step 3: Remember balance between collective and individual rights.
Correct answer: A. Because civil society strengthens rights through awareness, support, and public pressure
Explanation: Step 1: Courts are an important means of protecting rights. Step 2: Civil society spreads awareness and brings public attention to wrongs. Step 3: Write both institutions and society in rights protection.
Correct answer: A. So that the use of rights remains balanced with social peace, safety, and others' rights
Explanation: Step 1: Rights are important, but they are used in society. Step 2: Therefore, a constitution may allow balanced limits in some situations. Step 3: Study rights and reasonable limits together.
Correct answer: A. They are linked with state power, citizen participation, and the idea of a just society
Explanation: Step 1: Rights can be written in law. Step 2: They also show what the relation between state and citizens should be. Step 3: Connect rights with larger questions of political theory.
Correct answer: A. Expressing one's view while respecting others' dignity and safety
Explanation: Step 1: Rights give us freedom to speak and act. Step 2: Balanced use means respecting others' dignity and safety. Step 3: Do not forget to link rights with responsibility.
Correct answer: A. When they give citizens minimum security and make them able to participate in public life
Explanation: Step 1: Extreme insecurity weakens citizen participation. Step 2: Economic security helps people live with dignity and take part in public life. Step 3: Link economic rights with democratic participation.
Correct answer: A. Protection of fair procedure and personal liberty
Explanation: Step 1: A detainee also has human dignity and legal protection. Step 2: Blocking contact with family or a lawyer may weaken fair procedure. Step 3: In detention questions, mention legal safeguards.
Correct answer: A. Because without security, dignified life can be affected by fear and insecurity
Explanation: Step 1: Dignity means living with respect. Step 2: If a person lives in constant fear, dignified life becomes weak. Step 3: Understand dignity, security, and liberty together.
Correct answer: A. Lack of equal access to justice
Explanation: Step 1: Justice being available in theory is not enough. Step 2: If a poor person cannot reach justice due to cost or procedure, rights become weak. Step 3: Link access to justice with equality.
Correct answer: A. Because a citizen who knows rights can identify violations and seek proper remedies
Explanation: Step 1: A person who does not know rights may find it hard to identify violations. Step 2: Education and awareness help citizens choose the proper path. Step 3: Mention civic education in rights protection.
Correct answer: A. A right is a justified claim while charity may depend on the giver's choice
Explanation: Step 1: A right is linked with a person's dignity and justified claim. Step 2: Charity or help may depend on the giver's choice, but a right creates accountability. Step 3: In exams, present rights as justified claims, not favors.
