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SubjectsPolitical Science
राजनीतिक सिद्धांत: एक परिचय
This Class 11 Political Science topic introduces students to political theory as a systematic way of thinking about public life, power, institutions and collective decisions. As part of Part 2: Political Theory, it helps learners examine ideas such as freedom, equality, justice, rights, citizenship and authority, while connecting these concepts with everyday experiences and democratic society. Students develop the ability to ask political questions, compare viewpoints and understand why different principles shape laws and public institutions.
Correct answer: A. What is right or wrong
Explanation: Step 1: A value-based question is linked with ideas of right and wrong. Step 2: Political theory helps us think about such questions with reasoning. Step 3: In exams notice words like right and wrong to identify value-based questions.
Correct answer: A. Which country has which system of government
Explanation: Step 1: A fact-based question is related to knowing a situation or information. Step 2: Information about a system of government is factual. Step 3: In exams connect questions about what is or was with facts.
Correct answer: A. It clarifies the ideas and use behind terms
Explanation: Step 1: Political terms are not meant only for memorization. Step 2: Theory explains their meaning and use in society. Step 3: In exams it is useful to write both meaning and context.
Correct answer: A. Because they shape public decisions and rules
Explanation: Step 1: Institutions create arrangements for rules and decisions in society. Step 2: Political theory studies how they affect citizens. Step 3: In exams connect institutions with governance and public life.
Correct answer: A. Because reasoning makes ideas stronger and clearer
Explanation: Step 1: It is not enough to simply accept political ideas. Step 2: Reasoning helps us understand causes and form better conclusions. Step 3: In exams write reasons along with the answer.
Correct answer: A. Because disagreement tests and improves ideas
Explanation: Step 1: Disagreement does not mean hostility. Step 2: It brings different views forward and strengthens arguments. Step 3: In exams connect disagreement with democratic discussion.
Correct answer: A. Discussing public issues by giving reasons
Explanation: Step 1: Public reasoning deals with questions related to society. Step 2: It includes giving reasons and listening to others. Step 3: In exams connect public reasoning with responsible citizenship.
Correct answer: A. To understand whether rules are just and proper
Explanation: Step 1: Law sets limits for conduct in society. Step 2: Political theory asks whether a law is just or not. Step 3: In exams understand law through justice and rights.
Correct answer: A. Rights help protect liberty
Explanation: Step 1: Liberty gives a person reasonable freedom to act. Step 2: Rights protect and recognize that freedom. Step 3: In exams treat rights and liberty as connected ideas not separate ones.
Correct answer: A. Because individual liberty and social welfare are both important
Explanation: Step 1: An individual uses rights while living in society. Step 2: Social welfare is also a necessary part of civic life. Step 3: In exams focus on the balance between individual and society.
Correct answer: A. Values like justice equality and liberty
Explanation: Step 1: An ideal society is not formed only by outer arrangements. Step 2: Values like justice equality and liberty are necessary in it. Step 3: In exams connect an ideal society with political values.
Correct answer: A. Government should answer to the people for its decisions
Explanation: Step 1: Accountability means answering for decisions. Step 2: In democratic life government cannot be separate from the people. Step 3: In exams connect accountability with people and transparency.
Correct answer: A. Because opportunity and respect are also necessary in real life
Explanation: Step 1: Equality before law is important. Step 2: But without respect and opportunity equality remains incomplete in life. Step 3: In exams remember both legal and social sides.
Correct answer: A. Because one person’s liberty may affect another person’s rights
Explanation: Step 1: Liberty is important but it is not unlimited arbitrariness. Step 2: Reasonable limits may be needed to protect others’ rights. Step 3: In exams write liberty along with responsibility.
Correct answer: A. Because aware citizens can understand and examine public decisions
Explanation: Step 1: Civic awareness helps a person understand public issues. Step 2: It allows citizens to form reasoned opinions on decisions. Step 3: In exams connect awareness with democratic participation.
Correct answer: A. Because their ideas help us understand political questions
Explanation: Step 1: Thinkers give deep reflections on society government and values. Step 2: Their ideas make political questions easier to understand. Step 3: In exams remember the idea not only the name of a thinker.
Correct answer: A. Because society needs responsible behavior along with freedom
Explanation: Step 1: Liberty is necessary for individual development. Step 2: Discipline helps maintain order and protect others’ rights in society. Step 3: In exams use balance as the basis of a good answer.
Correct answer: A. Need for fair treatment of weaker sections in society
Explanation: Step 1: Social justice is linked with the dignity of all people in society. Step 2: Fair opportunity for weaker sections is especially important. Step 3: In exams connect social justice with equality and opportunity.
Correct answer: A. Taking responsible part in public life and decisions
Explanation: Step 1: Civic participation means responsibly engaging with issues related to society. Step 2: It strengthens democratic life. Step 3: In exams understand participation beyond voting too.
Correct answer: A. Because both are connected for a fair society
Explanation: Step 1: Justice talks about fair treatment. Step 2: Equality says that all should get respect and opportunity. Step 3: In exams treat both as complementary ideas not separate ones.
Correct answer: A. Because questions increase depth and clarity of ideas
Explanation: Step 1: Asking questions is the beginning of learning. Step 2: In political theory questions examine ideas and increase understanding. Step 3: In exams identify the core question properly for a good answer.
Correct answer: A. Because it helps identify which issues are linked with society and government
Explanation: Step 1: The private sphere may be linked with the individual and family. Step 2: The public sphere is linked with shared issues of society government and citizens. Step 3: In exams connect public issues with political life.
Correct answer: A. It says decisions should be judged not only by gain but also by rightness
Explanation: Step 1: Moral thinking focuses on right and wrong. Step 2: Political decisions are judged not only by benefit but also by justice and fairness. Step 3: In exams connect moral thinking with political values.
Correct answer: A. Government uses power to make rules and decisions
Explanation: Step 1: Government is an arrangement for making public decisions. Step 2: It uses power but that use must also be proper. Step 3: In exams connect power with legitimacy and accountability.
Correct answer: A. It helps us think about public issues as aware citizens
Explanation: Step 1: Political theory is not only an exam subject. Step 2: It builds the ability to think about rights responsibility and justice in civic life. Step 3: In exams give a life-related example when writing its usefulness.
