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SubjectsPolitical Science
न्याय
In Class 11 Political Science, this topic from Part 2: Political Theory explores the meaning and importance of justice in public life. Students examine equality, fair treatment, recognition of different needs, and the just distribution of rights, opportunities, and resources. They consider how societies can balance individual freedom with social responsibilities, understand the idea of a just society, and apply these concepts to issues of discrimination, poverty, and unequal access.
Correct answer: A. Giving everyone their due
Explanation: Step 1: Justice is mainly about fairness. Step 2: The correct option fits because justice means giving each person what is due to them. Step 3: In exams, do not limit justice to punishment; connect it with fairness.
Correct answer: A. Fair treatment
Explanation: Step 1: Justice is closely related to fairness. Step 2: Fair treatment is correct because it avoids bias and unequal preference. Step 3: Remember justice and fairness as connected ideas.
Correct answer: A. Because rights protect human dignity
Explanation: Step 1: Rights are linked with dignity and freedom. Step 2: The correct option fits because justice requires protection of basic rights. Step 3: Treat rights as an important base of justice.
Correct answer: A. Equality before law
Explanation: Step 1: Legal justice is connected with law and courts. Step 2: Equality before law is correct because law should treat all persons equally. Step 3: Link legal justice with equal law and fair hearing.
Correct answer: A. Reducing inequalities in society
Explanation: Step 1: Social justice focuses on weaker and disadvantaged groups. Step 2: Reducing inequalities is correct because social justice aims to remove unfair disadvantages. Step 3: Connect social justice with equal opportunity and dignity.
Correct answer: A. Fair distribution of resources and benefits
Explanation: Step 1: Distributive justice is about distribution. Step 2: The correct option fits because it asks whether resources and benefits are shared fairly. Step 3: Remember fair distribution as the key phrase.
Correct answer: A. Justice
Explanation: Step 1: Equal result for equal effort shows fairness. Step 2: Justice is correct because treatment is based on effort, not bias. Step 3: In such examples, identify effort, merit, and fairness.
Correct answer: A. Giving exactly the same thing to everyone in every situation
Explanation: Step 1: Equality is important in justice, but people may not have the same conditions. Step 2: The correct option fits because sometimes extra support to the disadvantaged is fair. Step 3: Understand the difference between sameness and fairness.
Correct answer: A. Reducing historical injustice
Explanation: Step 1: Some groups may face discrimination for a long time. Step 2: The correct option fits because such policies try to reduce old injustice and lack of opportunity. Step 3: Link this with social justice and equal opportunity.
Correct answer: A. So that they can get equal opportunities
Explanation: Step 1: Weaker sections may not get an equal starting point. Step 2: Support is correct because it gives them a real chance to progress. Step 3: See justice as creating equal opportunity, not only equal treatment.
Correct answer: A. Justice protects and balances liberty
Explanation: Step 1: Liberty is important, but it should not harm others. Step 2: The correct option fits because justice balances liberty with everyone’s rights. Step 3: Treat liberty and justice as supportive ideas.
Correct answer: A. Legal justice
Explanation: Step 1: Fair hearing is connected with legal procedure. Step 2: Legal justice is correct because every person should get a chance to present their side. Step 3: Remember fairness of procedure in legal justice.
Correct answer: A. Rule of law
Explanation: Step 1: Rule of law means law is supreme. Step 2: The correct option fits because equal application of rules reduces arbitrariness. Step 3: Rule of law is a key sign of just governance.
Correct answer: A. Preventing wrongdoing and allowing reform
Explanation: Step 1: Punishment in justice should not be arbitrary. Step 2: The correct option fits because punishment should prevent wrongdoing, protect society, and allow reform. Step 3: Distinguish punishment from revenge.
Correct answer: A. Fair conduct in social life
Explanation: Step 1: The scope of justice is broad. Step 2: The correct option fits because fair conduct is needed in family, school, and society too. Step 3: Do not limit justice only to courts.
Correct answer: A. Denying opportunity to a capable person due to caste or gender
Explanation: Step 1: Injustice often appears through discrimination. Step 2: The correct option fits because denying opportunity due to caste or gender violates justice. Step 3: Identify lack of justice in examples involving discrimination.
Correct answer: A. Do not blame someone without hearing them
Explanation: Step 1: Natural justice stresses fair procedure. Step 2: The correct option fits because blaming without hearing is unfair. Step 3: Remember the right to be heard in natural justice.
Correct answer: A. It is clear and applied equally
Explanation: Step 1: A rule is just when people can understand it. Step 2: Clear and equal application is correct because it reduces bias. Step 3: Remember clarity and equality as features of a just rule.
Correct answer: A. Fair access to basic needs of life
Explanation: Step 1: Economic justice is linked with wealth and resources. Step 2: The correct option fits because food, education, health, and work opportunities are needed for a just life. Step 3: Link economic justice with basic needs and opportunity.
Correct answer: A. Equal participation in political process
Explanation: Step 1: Political justice is linked with citizen participation. Step 2: Equal participation is correct because eligible citizens should get a chance to take part in politics. Step 3: Connect political justice with voting rights and participation.
Correct answer: A. Respectful worth of every person
Explanation: Step 1: Dignity is linked with human respect. Step 2: The correct option fits because justice accepts that every person deserves respect. Step 3: Link dignity with human respect and rights.
Correct answer: A. Facts and fairness
Explanation: Step 1: A just decision is not based on emotion or rumour. Step 2: Facts and fairness are correct because they form the base of a proper decision. Step 3: In decision-based questions, identify facts and bias.
Correct answer: A. Providing facilities for a disabled student in school
Explanation: Step 1: Social justice gives opportunity to people with disadvantages or special needs. Step 2: Providing facilities is correct because it enables equal participation. Step 3: In social justice, support is fairness, not injustice.
Correct answer: A. A person’s ability and effort
Explanation: Step 1: Merit is linked with ability and effort. Step 2: The correct option fits because justice may use merit to decide opportunities and rewards. Step 3: Distinguish merit from birth or favouritism.
Correct answer: A. Fairness
Explanation: Step 1: A chance to speak creates a just environment. Step 2: Fairness is correct because the teacher is not giving importance to only one side. Step 3: Connect hearing and opportunity with justice.
