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SubjectsPolitical Science
न्याय
In Class 11 Political Science, this topic from Part 2: Political Theory explores the meaning and importance of justice in public life. Students examine equality, fair treatment, recognition of different needs, and the just distribution of rights, opportunities, and resources. They consider how societies can balance individual freedom with social responsibilities, understand the idea of a just society, and apply these concepts to issues of discrimination, poverty, and unequal access.
Correct answer: A. Fair and proper treatment
Explanation: Step 1: Justice is linked with fairness and proper treatment. Step 2: When people receive due rights and opportunities according to their situation it is called justice. Step 3: In exams do not connect justice only with punishment.
Correct answer: A. Because it reduces partiality
Explanation: Step 1: Equality in justice means similar treatment in similar situations. Step 2: It reduces bias and discrimination. Step 3: For exams remember that equality is a base of justice.
Correct answer: A. Equal treatment
Explanation: Step 1: Justice says people in similar situations should be treated similarly. Step 2: This is the main idea of equal treatment. Step 3: In exams check whether the situation is similar or different.
Correct answer: A. Equally to both
Explanation: Step 1: Equal effort and equal result call for equal treatment. Step 2: Therefore giving both students equal reward is just. Step 3: In such questions identify the clue of equality.
Correct answer: A. Because all people are not always in the same condition
Explanation: Step 1: Justice is not only equal treatment. Step 2: When a person has a special need extra support can also be just. Step 3: Remember the difference between equality and special support.
Correct answer: A. Recognition of special need
Explanation: Step 1: A student with disability may have a different situation. Step 2: Giving support helps provide equal opportunity. Step 3: In exams treat such support as just assistance not injustice.
Correct answer: A. Fair distribution of resources and opportunities
Explanation: Step 1: Distributive justice is about sharing resources and opportunities in society. Step 2: Its aim is fair and balanced distribution. Step 3: In exams connect the word distribution with sharing.
Correct answer: A. To provide dignified and fair opportunities in society
Explanation: Step 1: Social justice aims to give dignity and opportunity to people. Step 2: It seeks a fair system for weaker groups too. Step 3: In exams link social justice with equal opportunity.
Correct answer: A. Fair for everyone
Explanation: Step 1: In a just society law aims to create a fair order. Step 2: Law should apply to everyone in a fair manner. Step 3: In exams separate law from bias and arbitrariness.
Correct answer: A. When discrimination happens without a fair reason
Explanation: Step 1: One form of injustice is discrimination without a fair reason. Step 2: If someone is stopped due to caste wealth or identity it is unfair. Step 3: In exams distinguish discrimination from fair difference.
Correct answer: A. Giving each person what is due
Explanation: Step 1: Aristotle connects justice with giving what is due. Step 2: It means a person should receive what is proper according to merit situation and contribution. Step 3: Remember it as the idea of due share.
Correct answer: A. Justice is based on rights while charity can be help
Explanation: Step 1: Justice is connected with rights and due share. Step 2: Charity may be help but it is not always a right. Step 3: In exams understand justice as a rights based idea.
Correct answer: A. Fair competition
Explanation: Step 1: Equal opportunity means everyone gets a fair chance to progress. Step 2: This makes competition more just. Step 3: In exams distinguish opportunity from final result.
Correct answer: A. Fair selection
Explanation: Step 1: Merit based selection considers a person's ability. Step 2: This reduces bias and makes the process fair. Step 3: In exams link merit with fair selection.
Correct answer: A. To give opportunities to historically disadvantaged groups
Explanation: Step 1: Some groups have been denied opportunities for a long time. Step 2: Such a system is made to give them a fair chance to progress. Step 3: Link it with special need and social justice.
Correct answer: A. Because people's needs and situations may be different
Explanation: Step 1: Equal sharing may look simple but every person's need is not equal. Step 2: Justice considers both need and situation. Step 3: Remember the difference between equal sharing and fair sharing.
Correct answer: A. Help according to need
Explanation: Step 1: Flood affected people may have greater needs than others. Step 2: Giving them extra help can be just. Step 3: In exams connect disaster examples with need based justice.
Correct answer: A. Because justice is also linked with opportunities rights and treatment in society
Explanation: Step 1: Courts are an important part of justice. Step 2: But justice is also related to rights opportunities and treatment in society. Step 3: Understand justice as a wider social idea.
Correct answer: A. On the basis of rules and reasons
Explanation: Step 1: Just decisions are based on rules and proper reasons. Step 2: Arbitrary decisions can create bias. Step 3: In exams link rule based decision making with justice.
Correct answer: A. When a group has been disadvantaged for a long time
Explanation: Step 1: Special support can be just when its aim is to reduce inequality. Step 2: Giving opportunity to a long disadvantaged group is part of social justice. Step 3: Identify special support by its purpose.
Correct answer: A. Law should apply equally to all
Explanation: Step 1: Equality before law means no person is above law. Step 2: Everyone should receive fair treatment in legal process. Step 3: In exams see it as the legal base of justice.
Correct answer: A. Every person's dignity should be protected
Explanation: Step 1: Justice is not limited to distribution of goods. Step 2: Protection of dignity is also a mark of a just society. Step 3: In exams link dignity with social justice.
Correct answer: A. Because rights give a person a rightful claim
Explanation: Step 1: Rights give a person a basis to claim what should be received. Step 2: Justice is linked with protecting these rightful claims. Step 3: In exams study rights and justice together.
Correct answer: A. Equal opportunity
Explanation: Step 1: Library access improves learning opportunity. Step 2: When all students get it opportunities become more equal. Step 3: In exams connect education examples with equal opportunity.
Correct answer: A. Fair share according to contribution or need
Explanation: Step 1: Proportional justice considers situation contribution or need. Step 2: It does not always mean equal sharing but fair proportion. Step 3: In exams connect proportion with balance.
