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SubjectsPolitical Science
समानता
Equality in Class 11 Political Science, within Part 2: Political Theory, explores the idea that all people deserve equal moral and political worth. Students examine equality before the law, equal rights and opportunities, and the difference between treating everyone identically and addressing unequal social conditions. The topic also considers social and economic inequalities, discrimination, and why affirmative measures may be needed to create fair participation and genuine equality in a democratic society.
Correct answer: A. Every person getting equal respect
Explanation: Step 1: Equality is mainly linked with respect and rights. Step 2: It does not mean that everyone becomes identical in every way. Step 3: In exams, connect equality with equal respect.
Correct answer: A. Unjust discrimination
Explanation: Step 1: Equality means giving fair respect to all. Step 2: Unjust discrimination weakens equality. Step 3: In exams, identify discrimination and equality as opposite ideas.
Correct answer: A. Everyone getting a fair chance to progress
Explanation: Step 1: Equality of opportunity is related to chances. Step 2: It means a person gets a fair chance to show ability. Step 3: In exams, remember the difference between opportunity and outcome.
Correct answer: A. Law applies equally to all citizens
Explanation: Step 1: Equality before law gives equal legal status to citizens. Step 2: It means the state should not discriminate arbitrarily. Step 3: In exams, treat it as the legal side of equality.
Correct answer: A. Respect and equal treatment in society
Explanation: Step 1: Social equality is linked with everyday behaviour. Step 2: Respect and equal treatment in society are its key signs. Step 3: In exams, connect social equality with lived behaviour.
Correct answer: A. Right to vote for all adult citizens
Explanation: Step 1: Political equality is linked with political participation. Step 2: Voting right for all adult citizens is a major example. Step 3: In exams, connect voting right with political equality.
Correct answer: A. Fair access to basic needs and opportunities
Explanation: Step 1: Economic equality does not simply mean identical wealth for all. Step 2: It relates to fair access to basic needs and opportunities. Step 3: In exams, connect economic equality with standard of life.
Correct answer: A. Both can strengthen each other
Explanation: Step 1: Freedom gives a person the right to choose. Step 2: Equality ensures that chances to choose are not limited to a few people. Step 3: In exams, write both as balanced values.
Correct answer: A. Natural difference may be inborn, social inequality may be created by society
Explanation: Step 1: People may differ in ability and body. Step 2: Unjust difference created by society is social inequality. Step 3: In exams, write natural difference and social inequality separately.
Correct answer: A. To allow every person to live with dignity and opportunity
Explanation: Step 1: Equality is related to human dignity. Step 2: Its aim is to give respect and opportunity to all. Step 3: In exams, connect equality with dignity and opportunity.
Correct answer: A. Because people may have different needs and situations
Explanation: Step 1: Equality means fair treatment. Step 2: People with different needs may sometimes need different support. Step 3: In exams, understand equality through justice.
Correct answer: A. When it gives real opportunity to weaker groups
Explanation: Step 1: The aim of equality is to provide real opportunity. Step 2: Support for weaker groups can reduce barriers. Step 3: In exams, connect special support with social justice.
Correct answer: A. Treating differently and unfairly on improper grounds
Explanation: Step 1: Discrimination occurs when someone is treated unfairly on improper grounds. Step 2: It harms equality and dignity. Step 3: In exams, treat discrimination as a cause of inequality.
Correct answer: A. Because every person is worthy of respect
Explanation: Step 1: Dignity recognises the basic worth of a human being. Step 2: Equality works on the idea that every person deserves respect. Step 3: In exams, write dignity as a basis of equality.
Correct answer: A. It creates inequality in respect and opportunity
Explanation: Step 1: Caste-based discrimination differentiates on the basis of birth. Step 2: It increases inequality in respect and opportunity. Step 3: In exams, treat it as an example of social inequality.
Correct answer: A. Women and men getting equal respect and opportunity
Explanation: Step 1: Gender equality is related to equal respect for women and men. Step 2: Opportunities and rights should not be limited on the basis of gender. Step 3: In exams, connect it with social equality.
Correct answer: A. Economic equality
Explanation: Step 1: Equal pay is linked with work and economic justice. Step 2: Fair and equal pay for equal work strengthens economic equality. Step 3: In exams, connect pay-related questions with economic equality.
Correct answer: A. It increases opportunity and awareness
Explanation: Step 1: Education gives knowledge and confidence. Step 2: It increases access to opportunities and understanding of rights. Step 3: In exams, connect education with equality of opportunity.
Correct answer: A. Because it can reduce access to opportunities and basic facilities
Explanation: Step 1: Poverty affects a person's needs and opportunities. Step 2: It can create barriers in education, health, and participation. Step 3: In exams, connect poverty with economic inequality.
Correct answer: A. Justice gives proper direction to equality
Explanation: Step 1: Equality speaks of fairness. Step 2: Justice explains how equality should be applied properly and fairly. Step 3: In exams, understand equality and justice together.
Correct answer: A. Giving opportunities to historically disadvantaged groups
Explanation: Step 1: Some groups may have faced long-term disadvantage. Step 2: Arrangements like reservation can give them opportunities in education and work. Step 3: In exams, understand it as a tool of social justice.
Correct answer: A. Because democracy recognises the equal role of all citizens
Explanation: Step 1: Citizens' participation is important in democracy. Step 2: Without equality, some people may be excluded from public life. Step 3: In exams, write equality as a foundation of democracy.
Correct answer: A. Prejudice and discrimination
Explanation: Step 1: Prejudice is a pre-formed unfair belief. Step 2: It can create discrimination and weaken equality. Step 3: In exams, connect prejudice with social inequality.
Correct answer: A. Removing privilege and discrimination
Explanation: Step 1: The negative meaning of equality is linked with removing unjust distinctions. Step 2: When privilege and discrimination are removed, equality becomes possible. Step 3: In exams, connect the negative meaning with removal of barriers.
Correct answer: A. Providing opportunities and facilities
Explanation: Step 1: Positive equality is not limited to removing barriers. Step 2: It also emphasises providing opportunities, education, and facilities. Step 3: In exams, connect the positive meaning with creation of opportunities.
