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SubjectsPolitical Science
समानता
Equality in Class 11 Political Science, within Part 2: Political Theory, explores the idea that all people deserve equal moral and political worth. Students examine equality before the law, equal rights and opportunities, and the difference between treating everyone identically and addressing unequal social conditions. The topic also considers social and economic inequalities, discrimination, and why affirmative measures may be needed to create fair participation and genuine equality in a democratic society.
Correct answer: A. Because it recognises equal dignity and role of all citizens
Explanation: Step 1: Democracy works through citizen participation. Step 2: Equality gives respect and role to all citizens. Step 3: In exams, connect equality with the foundation of democracy.
Correct answer: B. Dignity
Explanation: Step 1: Equality treats every person as worthy of respect. Step 2: Dignity is the basic feeling behind this respect. Step 3: In exams, write equality and dignity together.
Correct answer: B. Everyone should get a fair chance to progress
Explanation: Step 1: Equality of opportunity is not equality of result. Step 2: It means every person gets a fair chance to show ability. Step 3: In exams, keep chance and result separate.
Correct answer: A. Law applies equally to everyone
Explanation: Step 1: Legal equality is linked with equal application of law. Step 2: No person should get exemption on the basis of birth, wealth, or position. Step 3: In exams, connect it with equal legal status.
Correct answer: A. Treating all people with respect
Explanation: Step 1: Social equality is visible in social behaviour. Step 2: Respectful treatment for all is its correct example. Step 3: In exams, connect social equality with everyday respect.
Correct answer: A. Equal participation of citizens in public decisions
Explanation: Step 1: Political equality is linked with citizens' political role. Step 2: Equal participation strengthens democratic life. Step 3: In exams, connect political equality with voting and participation.
Correct answer: A. To create fair access to basic needs and opportunities
Explanation: Step 1: Economic equality is linked with life conditions. Step 2: Access to basic needs and opportunities helps a person live with dignity. Step 3: In exams, connect economic equality with standard of life.
Correct answer: A. Without equal opportunity, use of freedom may be limited
Explanation: Step 1: Freedom gives a person the chance to choose. Step 2: Equality ensures that chances to choose reach everyone. Step 3: In exams, understand both values in balance.
Correct answer: A. Natural difference may relate to body or ability, social inequality is created by society
Explanation: Step 1: People may differ in body, interest, or ability. Step 2: Unjust difference created by society is social inequality. Step 3: In exams, write natural and social differences separately.
Correct answer: A. It reduces respect and opportunity on unfair grounds
Explanation: Step 1: Discrimination is different treatment on unfair grounds. Step 2: It can reduce respect and opportunity for a person or group. Step 3: In exams, write discrimination as opposite to equality.
Correct answer: A. Providing opportunities, means, and facilities
Explanation: Step 1: Positive equality goes beyond removing restrictions. Step 2: It gives people means and opportunities to progress. Step 3: In exams, connect it with creation of opportunities.
Correct answer: A. Removing unjust discrimination and privilege
Explanation: Step 1: Negative equality speaks of removing barriers. Step 2: Removing privilege and discrimination opens the path to equality. Step 3: In exams, connect negative equality with barrier removal.
Correct answer: A. Because it gives unfair benefit to some people
Explanation: Step 1: Privilege gives extra benefit to some without fair reason. Step 2: It can affect opportunities of others. Step 3: In exams, connect privilege with inequality.
Correct answer: A. Opportunities should not be limited on the basis of gender
Explanation: Step 1: Gender equality opposes gender-based discrimination. Step 2: Everyone should get opportunities for education, work, and respect. Step 3: In exams, write it as part of social equality.
Correct answer: A. Social respect and opportunity
Explanation: Step 1: Caste-based discrimination creates difference on the basis of birth. Step 2: It affects a person's respect and opportunity. Step 3: In exams, treat it as an example of social inequality.
Correct answer: A. Fair pay for equal work
Explanation: Step 1: Equal pay is linked with work and economic justice. Step 2: Equal pay for equal work strengthens economic equality. Step 3: In exams, connect it with economic equality.
Correct answer: A. It gives knowledge, confidence, and opportunity
Explanation: Step 1: Education gives understanding and skill to a person. Step 2: Through it, the person can use opportunities. Step 3: In exams, connect education with equality of opportunity.
Correct answer: A. Because it can reduce access to education, health, and opportunities
Explanation: Step 1: Poverty affects basic needs of life. Step 2: Because of it, a person may remain away from opportunities. Step 3: In exams, connect poverty with economic inequality.
Correct answer: A. As giving opportunities to historically disadvantaged groups
Explanation: Step 1: Some groups may face long-term disadvantage. Step 2: Arrangements like reservation can reduce lack of opportunity. Step 3: In exams, connect it with social justice.
Correct answer: A. It can increase discrimination through wrong beliefs
Explanation: Step 1: Prejudice is a belief formed without proper basis. Step 2: It can create discrimination. Step 3: In exams, understand prejudice as a beginning of inequality.
Correct answer: A. Because it ensures just treatment without bias
Explanation: Step 1: Fairness stands against bias. Step 2: In equality, rules and opportunities should be just. Step 3: In exams, write fairness as an essential quality of equality.
Correct answer: A. Without healthy life, using opportunities may become difficult
Explanation: Step 1: Health is a basic life need. Step 2: Without health facilities, education, work, and participation may be affected. Step 3: In exams, connect health with equality of opportunity.
Correct answer: A. It shows social respect and shared rights
Explanation: Step 1: Public places are part of shared life for all. Step 2: Equal access to them strengthens social equality. Step 3: In exams, connect public places with equal access.
Correct answer: A. To reduce barriers and provide real opportunity
Explanation: Step 1: Weaker groups may face additional barriers. Step 2: Support helps them reach opportunity. Step 3: In exams, connect it with positive equality.
Correct answer: A. It recognises the dignity of the other person
Explanation: Step 1: Language is also part of social behaviour. Step 2: Respectful language strengthens equality and dignity. Step 3: In exams, connect behaviour and language with social equality.
