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SubjectsPolitical Science
विधायिका
In this Class 11 Political Science topic from Part 1: Indian Constitution at Work, students explore the role and structure of India’s legislature. They learn how Parliament represents citizens, makes laws, approves public spending, debates national issues, and holds the executive accountable. The topic introduces the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, their composition, powers, procedures, and relationship with the Council of Ministers, while showing how legislative institutions support democracy and constitutional government.
Correct answer: A. It scrutinises government and raises public issues
Explanation: Step 1: The legislature makes laws but its role is broader. Step 2: It discusses the budget and questions the government. Step 3: This carries public concerns to the government.
Correct answer: A. The Council of Ministers depends on Lok Sabha confidence as one unit
Explanation: Step 1: The Council of Ministers works like a team. Step 2: Losing Lok Sabha confidence affects the whole team. Step 3: Thus collective responsibility links government stability with accountability.
Correct answer: A. To show disagreement and control over government expenditure
Explanation: Step 1: The budget asks for money under different heads. Step 2: Through a cut motion members express objection to an expenditure. Step 3: It is a parliamentary tool of financial control and criticism.
Correct answer: A. Representative function
Explanation: Step 1: An MP acts as a link between people and Parliament. Step 2: Raising constituency issues is representation. Step 3: This brings local issues to national attention.
Correct answer: A. A strong majority party may make executive action easier
Explanation: Step 1: Parliament has many tools of control. Step 2: But a strong government majority may reduce the force of control. Step 3: So actual effectiveness also depends on political conditions.
Correct answer: A. Detailed examination and improvement of the Bill become possible
Explanation: Step 1: After general debate it is difficult for the whole house to examine every detail. Step 2: A committee studies the provisions carefully. Step 3: This helps identify defects and suggest improvements.
Correct answer: A. The Prime Minister is generally the leader who has majority support in Lok Sabha
Explanation: Step 1: In a parliamentary system the government needs Lok Sabha confidence. Step 2: The leader with majority support can form the government. Step 3: So Lok Sabha majority becomes the basis of government formation.
Correct answer: A. Indian federalism also gives importance to population
Explanation: Step 1: In some federal systems states get equal seats. Step 2: In India Rajya Sabha seats are largely linked with state population. Step 3: This shows the special mixed nature of Indian federalism.
Correct answer: A. Transparency
Explanation: Step 1: People should know what their representatives say and do. Step 2: Public proceedings keep information open. Step 3: This increases accountability of representatives and government.
Correct answer: A. An ordinance is a temporary measure and is placed before Parliament
Explanation: Step 1: When Parliament is not in session an ordinance may be issued in special circumstances. Step 2: It is not a permanent substitute and comes before Parliament. Step 3: This preserves the final role of the legislature.
Correct answer: A. When members question a minister about policy outcomes
Explanation: Step 1: Accountability means asking power to explain reasons and results. Step 2: Questioning a minister about policy is part of this process. Step 3: It makes the government account for its actions.
Correct answer: A. It enables broad discussion on government policies and programmes
Explanation: Step 1: The President address presents the government direction and programme. Step 2: During the Motion of Thanks members review these policies. Step 3: It creates parliamentary debate on government policy.
Correct answer: A. Both the people and the states get a voice
Explanation: Step 1: Lok Sabha directly represents the people. Step 2: Rajya Sabha gives space to the voice of states. Step 3: Together they provide broader representation.
Correct answer: A. Scrutiny of laws and public voice may become weak
Explanation: Step 1: The legislature is a forum for debate and scrutiny. Step 2: Low participation reduces detailed review of Bills and policies. Step 3: This can weaken the expression of public interest.
Correct answer: A. So they can perform duties in the house without fear
Explanation: Step 1: Representatives must speak and work freely in the house. Step 2: Privileges protect this work from obstruction and fear. Step 3: It does not mean total exemption from law but protection of parliamentary functions.
Correct answer: A. Introduction and presentation of the Bill
Explanation: Step 1: First reading is the starting stage of a Bill. Step 2: The Bill is introduced in the house. Step 3: Detailed debate happens at later stages.
Correct answer: A. It includes detailed consideration of principles and provisions
Explanation: Step 1: In the second reading the main ideas of the Bill are discussed. Step 2: Provisions can be examined and amendments considered. Step 3: Therefore it is a key stage for improving the law.
Correct answer: A. To accept or reject the Bill in its final form
Explanation: Step 1: Discussion and amendments have already happened in earlier stages. Step 2: In the third reading the house decides on the final form. Step 3: It is linked with final approval in that house.
Correct answer: A. Control of directly elected representatives over taxation and expenditure
Explanation: Step 1: Public money comes from the people. Step 2: Directly elected representatives get stronger control over its use. Step 3: Therefore Lok Sabha financial primacy is linked with democratic accountability.
Correct answer: A. Agreement of both houses may be needed on the Bill
Explanation: Step 1: An ordinary Bill passes through both houses. Step 2: Rajya Sabha expresses its view by suggesting amendments. Step 3: If disagreement continues a special constitutional procedure may be needed.
Correct answer: A. Majority gives decision and debate tests the decision
Explanation: Step 1: Majority is needed for decision making. Step 2: Debate is needed for a sound and balanced decision. Step 3: Democracy values both numbers and reason.
Correct answer: A. Financial oversight and examination of expenditure
Explanation: Step 1: The government spends public money. Step 2: Such committees examine expenditure and notice irregularities. Step 3: This strengthens parliamentary financial oversight.
Correct answer: A. Some decisions are more serious than ordinary laws
Explanation: Step 1: All decisions are not of equal importance. Step 2: Matters like constitutional amendment need wider agreement. Step 3: Special majority protects serious decisions from haste.
Correct answer: A. Scrutiny and criticism of government may weaken
Explanation: Step 1: Opposition questions the work of the government. Step 2: A weak opposition may make policy scrutiny less effective. Step 3: This can reduce democratic pressure on the executive.
Correct answer: A. It is a forum for law making representation debate and control
Explanation: Step 1: The role of the legislature is multidimensional. Step 2: It makes laws represents people debates issues and controls government. Step 3: So treating it only as a law making body is incomplete.
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