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SubjectsPolitical Science
विधायिका
In this Class 11 Political Science topic from Part 1: Indian Constitution at Work, students explore the role and structure of India’s legislature. They learn how Parliament represents citizens, makes laws, approves public spending, debates national issues, and holds the executive accountable. The topic introduces the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, their composition, powers, procedures, and relationship with the Council of Ministers, while showing how legislative institutions support democracy and constitutional government.
Correct answer: A. Decisions are made with the support of elected members
Explanation: Step 1: Parliament decides after debate. Step 2: Decisions are usually taken by majority support. Step 3: This is a core part of democratic decision-making.
Correct answer: A. The first stage introduces the bill and the second involves detailed discussion
Explanation: Step 1: In the first reading, the bill is introduced. Step 2: In the second reading, its principles and clauses are discussed seriously. Step 3: This improves understanding of the bill.
Correct answer: A. Special role of the Rajya Sabha in federalism
Explanation: Step 1: The State List normally concerns States. Step 2: The Rajya Sabha can enable Parliament to legislate on such matters in national interest. Step 3: This shows its federal role.
Correct answer: A. Debate provides ideas and voting gives a decision
Explanation: Step 1: Debate brings different views forward. Step 2: Voting produces the final decision. Step 3: Together they complete democratic law-making.
Correct answer: A. It may lapse if it is pending in the Lok Sabha
Explanation: Step 1: The Lok Sabha is not a permanent House and can be dissolved. Step 2: An ordinary bill pending in it may lapse. Step 3: This differs from the continuity of the Rajya Sabha.
Correct answer: A. Examination of government expenditure
Explanation: Step 1: The government spends public money. Step 2: The Public Accounts Committee examines expenditure. Step 3: This increases financial accountability.
Correct answer: A. Scrutinizing the government and fixing accountability
Explanation: Step 1: Parliament does not only make laws. Step 2: It also examines government policies and actions. Step 3: Immediate discussion strengthens accountability.
Correct answer: A. Parties guide members in policy positions and voting
Explanation: Step 1: Political parties have common ideas and programmes. Step 2: They guide members during debates and voting. Step 3: This shows organized politics in Parliament.
Correct answer: A. Because questions, committees, budget, and motions are also tools of control
Explanation: Step 1: Debate is one method of control. Step 2: Question Hour, committees, budget discussion, and motions put pressure on the government. Step 3: Thus parliamentary control works in many forms.
Correct answer: A. Parliament cannot make laws contrary to the Constitution
Explanation: Step 1: The Constitution is the supreme law. Step 2: Parliament makes laws within constitutional limits. Step 3: Unconstitutional laws can be examined through judicial review.
Correct answer: A. MPs carry the voice of their constituency and people to the House
Explanation: Step 1: People elect their representatives. Step 2: Representatives raise public problems in Parliament. Step 3: This brings people's voice into law-making.
Correct answer: A. Both are important but the Lok Sabha is stronger in finance and government responsibility
Explanation: Step 1: Both Houses participate in law-making. Step 2: The Lok Sabha has primacy in Money Bills and confidence of government. Step 3: Therefore it has a special advantage in the balance of powers.
Correct answer: A. Parliamentary discussion on government policy
Explanation: Step 1: The President's address outlines government policies. Step 2: Parliament discusses those policies through the motion of thanks. Step 3: This makes the government answerable.
Correct answer: A. Representation and deliberation
Explanation: Step 1: The MP raises a constituency problem. Step 2: The MP connects it with national policy. Step 3: This shows both representation and deliberation.
Correct answer: A. Authorising the government to spend from the Consolidated Fund
Explanation: Step 1: Demands for expenditure are approved in the budget. Step 2: The Appropriation Bill authorizes withdrawal from the Consolidated Fund. Step 3: Therefore it is an essential stage of financial governance.
Correct answer: A. Committee-based informed law-making
Explanation: Step 1: MPs may not have complete expertise on every issue. Step 2: Expert opinion helps understand the impact of a law. Step 3: Committees make such study possible.
Correct answer: A. An ordinance is temporary and depends on parliamentary approval
Explanation: Step 1: An ordinance may be issued in special circumstances when Parliament is not in session. Step 2: It is not a permanent law by itself. Step 3: It continues only with parliamentary approval.
Correct answer: A. It creates pressure on representatives to behave responsibly
Explanation: Step 1: Parliament works before the public. Step 2: Media and public opinion watch the conduct of members. Step 3: This increases accountability and transparency.
Correct answer: A. Because a law affecting rights directly impacts citizens' lives
Explanation: Step 1: Rights are connected with citizens' freedom and life. Step 2: Hasty laws on rights can cause harm. Step 3: Deep discussion increases the possibility of a balanced decision.
Correct answer: A. Because control fixes accountability while daily administration is run by the government
Explanation: Step 1: The executive implements policies. Step 2: Parliament watches its work through questions and debates. Step 3: Thus a balance is created between freedom to act and accountability.
Correct answer: A. Elections give the Lok Sabha public approval and representative basis
Explanation: Step 1: In democracy, legitimacy comes from public approval. Step 2: Lok Sabha members are directly elected. Step 3: Therefore elections strengthen Parliament's representative authority.
Correct answer: A. The people's voice and scrutiny may become weaker
Explanation: Step 1: Members participate in the House on behalf of the people. Step 2: Absence reduces their role in debates and questions. Step 3: This can weaken representation.
Correct answer: A. They provide an opportunity to improve or clarify the bill
Explanation: Step 1: The original bill may have gaps or unclear points. Step 2: Amendments suggest improvements. Step 3: This can make the law clearer and more useful.
Correct answer: A. Because elected representatives supervise the use of public money
Explanation: Step 1: Taxes are collected from the people. Step 2: Spending should serve public interest. Step 3: Budget discussion allows representatives to demand answers from the government.
Correct answer: A. A balance of representation, deliberation, law-making, and control over the executive
Explanation: Step 1: A legislature is not only a law-making machine. Step 2: It must represent people, deliberate seriously, and scrutinize the government. Step 3: The balance of all these shows its real success.
