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In this Class 11 Political Science topic from Part 1: Indian Constitution at Work, students explore why the Constitution is called a living document. They learn how constitutional amendments, judicial interpretation, democratic debate, and changing social needs allow its provisions to remain relevant while preserving core values. The topic also examines the balance between continuity and change, the role of institutions in interpreting constitutional principles, and how citizens engage with the Constitution in a functioning democracy.
Practice questions
01 Why is balance between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles important?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. For both individual freedom and social welfare
Explanation: Step 1: Fundamental Rights protect individual freedom. Step 2: Directive Principles guide social welfare. Step 3: In exams understand their balance as democratic development.
02 Including new issues in the Constitution over time is an example of what?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Living nature of the Constitution
Explanation: Step 1: New issues arise in society. Step 2: The Constitution can adjust to them. Step 3: For exams treat new issues as examples of a living Constitution.
03 Which word was added to the Preamble by the Forty-second Amendment?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Socialist
Explanation: Step 1: The Forty-second Amendment is linked with the Preamble. Step 2: It added the word Socialist. Step 3: In exams connect changes in the Preamble with this amendment.
04 Which other important word was added to the Preamble by the Forty-second Amendment?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Secular
Explanation: Step 1: The Preamble states the ideals of the Constitution. Step 2: The Forty-second Amendment added the word Secular. Step 3: In exams connect secularism with the amendment of the Preamble.
05 By which amendment was the word Integrity added to the Preamble?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Forty-second Amendment
Explanation: Step 1: Some words were later added to the Preamble. Step 2: The word Integrity was added by the Forty-second Amendment. Step 3: For exams remember Socialist Secular and Integrity with this amendment.
06 Which amendment reduced the voting age from twenty-one years to eighteen years?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Sixty-first Amendment
Explanation: Step 1: Voting is very important in democracy. Step 2: The Sixty-first Amendment reduced the voting age to eighteen. Step 3: In exams connect it with youth participation.
07 Which feature of the Constitution is shown by reducing the voting age?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Democratic expansion according to time
Explanation: Step 1: The role of youth increased in society. Step 2: The Constitution included them in voting through amendment. Step 3: For exams understand this as an example of a living Constitution.
08 Which major amendments strengthened local self-government?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Seventy-third and Seventy-fourth Amendments
Explanation: Step 1: Local government is close to the people. Step 2: The Seventy-third and Seventy-fourth Amendments strengthened it. Step 3: In exams connect them with panchayats and municipalities.
09 The Seventy-third Amendment is mainly related to what?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Panchayati Raj
Explanation: Step 1: The Seventy-third Amendment relates to rural local government. Step 2: It strengthened Panchayati Raj institutions. Step 3: For exams connect it with village-level democracy.
10 The Seventy-fourth Amendment is mainly related to what?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Urban local bodies
Explanation: Step 1: Cities have separate institutions for local government. Step 2: The Seventy-fourth Amendment strengthened urban local bodies. Step 3: In exams connect it with urban local governance.
11 Strengthening local self-government in the Constitution is an example of what?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Taking democracy closer to people
Explanation: Step 1: Local institutions work close to the people. Step 2: Giving them constitutional support strengthened democracy. Step 3: In exams link local government with democratic expansion.
12 How is the amendment process connected with democracy?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Elected representatives make changes through discussion and voting
Explanation: Step 1: In democracy representatives are elected by the people. Step 2: They amend through discussion and voting in Parliament. Step 3: For exams understand amendment as a democratic process.
13 What kind of proposal is a Constitutional Amendment Bill?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. A proposal to change the Constitution
Explanation: Step 1: A bill is a proposal to make or change law. Step 2: A Constitutional Amendment Bill is brought to change the Constitution. Step 3: For exams see it as the beginning of amendment.
14 Whose approval is needed after a Constitutional Amendment Bill is passed?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. President
Explanation: Step 1: The bill is passed in Parliament. Step 2: After the President's assent it becomes an amendment. Step 3: In exams connect final approval with the President.
15 Can Parliament change any part of the Constitution without limits?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. No because the basic structure remains protected
Explanation: Step 1: Parliament has the power to amend. Step 2: This power remains within the limit of the basic structure. Step 3: For exams remember that amendment power is not unlimited.
16 Why is democracy considered a part of the basic structure of the Constitution?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Because people's participation is the basis of government
Explanation: Step 1: Indian government is based on the will of the people. Step 2: Democracy ensures citizens' participation. Step 3: In exams treat democracy as a key feature of the basic structure.
17 Why is secularism connected with the basic spirit of the Constitution?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Because the state treats all religions equally
Explanation: Step 1: People of many religions live in India. Step 2: The Constitution guides the state to treat all religions equally. Step 3: In exams connect secularism with equality and freedom.
18 How does rule of law make the Constitution living?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. By applying the law equally to all
Explanation: Step 1: Rule of law is a basis of equality. Step 2: When law applies equally to all the Constitution works in practice. Step 3: For exams treat it as a sign of constitutional government.
19 Why can the interpretation of the Constitution change over time?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Because social conditions and needs change
Explanation: Step 1: The words of the Constitution remain for a long time. Step 2: Their meaning must be understood in new social situations. Step 3: In exams see interpretation as part of a living Constitution.
20 Going to court to protect rights is an example of what?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Practical use of the Constitution
Explanation: Step 1: Rights are not only written words. Step 2: They can be protected through courts. Step 3: For exams connect protection of rights with the living nature of the Constitution.
21 What is the correct relation between constitutional amendment and social change?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Amendment can adapt the Constitution to social changes
Explanation: Step 1: New demands arise in society. Step 2: Amendment helps adapt the Constitution to these demands. Step 3: In exams see amendment as a means of social change.
Correct answer: A. Its basic ideals remain even after changes
Explanation: Step 1: The Constitution can be amended. Step 2: Still its basic ideals should remain. Step 3: For exams link continuity with balance between change and stability.
23 Why is stability of the Constitution necessary?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. So that trust and order in governance remain
Explanation: Step 1: Governance works through rules. Step 2: A stable Constitution gives people confidence. Step 3: In exams connect stability with order and trust.
24 Why is changeability of the Constitution necessary?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. So that new situations can be addressed
Explanation: Step 1: New problems arise with time. Step 2: Changeability of the Constitution helps address them. Step 3: In exams connect changeability with living nature.
25 What is most necessary in a living Constitution?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Balance between change and basic values
Explanation: Step 1: The Constitution should change with time. Step 2: But its basic values must also be protected. Step 3: For exams treat balance as a mark of a living Constitution.
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