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What depositional landform commonly develops where a stream leaves a steep mountain valley and spreads over a plain?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Alluvial fan

The correct answer is A, an alluvial fan. A stream leaving a steep mountain valley suddenly encounters a gentler slope and a wider plain. Its velocity and carrying capacity decrease, so it deposits gravel, sand, and silt. Because the stream often spreads outward from a narrow valley mouth, the deposits form a roughly fan-shaped landform called an alluvial fan. B is wrong because a waterfall is mainly an erosional feature associated with a sudden drop in the channel. C is produced by wave erosion along a coast. D is a bowl-shaped hollow carved by glacial erosion. The key clue is “stream leaves a steep valley and spreads over a plain”: this indicates sudden loss of slope and deposition at the mountain foot. Memory cue: mountain stream plus fan-shaped deposit equals alluvial fan.

Related tags

Alluvial FanDepositionRiver LandformsMountain StreamsMass MovementsErosionAnd DepositionMass Movements Erosion And DepositionGeomorphic ProcessesGeography

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