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Subjects

Geography

Insolation and factors affecting it

In Class 11 Geography, this topic explains insolation—the incoming solar radiation received by Earth—and its role in the chapter Solar Radiation, Heat Balance, and Temperature. Students learn how the angle of the Sun’s rays, duration of daylight, latitude, season, Earth–Sun distance, and atmospheric conditions affect the amount of energy reaching different places. The topic also helps them understand why heating varies across Earth’s surface and how these variations influence temperature patterns and the broader heat balance.

Hard · Level 1 · 25 questions

Practice questions

01If a high latitude region has a very long day but the surface warms less, what is the most suitable reason?

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02Why can insolation differ between two places located at the same latitude?

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03What is the most scientific reason for weaker effect of rays at low Sun altitude?

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04If sunlight is strong but surface temperature rises slowly, which reason is more suitable?

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05In which situation can the surface become hotter even when less energy reaches the ground?

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06What is the most basic effect of Earth's spherical shape on insolation distribution?

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07If two places have the same Sun altitude but one has more aerosols, where will less insolation reach?

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08What is the combined reason for higher energy receipt in the Northern Hemisphere during June solstice?

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09Why is it winter in the Northern Hemisphere in January even though Earth is near the Sun?

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10If surface albedo suddenly decreases, what change is likely in the heat budget?

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11Why can local temperature rise after snow melts and a darker surface appears?

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12In which condition can total insolation be high but actual surface heating remain limited?

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13Which insolation-related factor can be important in the urban heat island effect?

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14If a forest is cleared and replaced by an open dark surface, what will happen to insolation and heating?

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15Which option best explains high insolation but low temperature rise?

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16In which situation is it necessary to distinguish between insolation reaching the surface and insolation absorbed by the surface?

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17If a polar region has a long day in summer but temperature is low, which combined factor is correct?

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18Why can atmospheric energy loss decrease when solar altitude increases?

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19If cloud cover is the same in morning and noon, why will noon insolation be higher?

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20If a place has high Sun altitude but much dust in the air, which conclusion is correct?

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21When atmospheric transparency decreases, what can happen to direct insolation and diffuse light?

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22Why can temperature rise less in coastal areas than inland despite similar insolation?

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23If a question gives both high insolation and high evaporation, what conclusion about temperature should be made carefully?

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24Which option correctly combines astronomical and surface factors?

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25In which condition will two mountain slopes receive different insolation despite the same solar angle?

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