Geography

Distribution of temperature and inversion of temperature

Q: If tall buildings and narrow streets in a city retain heat at night this is related to which local temperature effect?

Urban heat island Urban structures can store and slowly release heat. In exams link higher urban night temperature with urban heat island.

Q: If rain or strong wind occurs during temperature inversion what effect on pollution is possible?

Pollution may disperse or decrease Strong wind increases mixing and rain can wash particles down. In exams understand that pollution trapping may reduce when inversion breaks.

Q: If isotherms are very close near a mountain region on a temperature map what is the most appropriate meaning?

Temperature gradient is steep there Close isotherms show large temperature change over short distance. In exams identify temperature gradient from line spacing.

Q: Two places are at the same latitude one is coastal and the other is inland whose annual temperature range may be higher?

Inland place Land far from sea heats and cools quickly so range increases. In exams check distance from sea at same latitude.

Q: If a cold ocean current flows near a coast what will be the general effect on local temperature?

The local coastal temperature may become relatively lower A cold ocean current cools the air above the sea surface. This cooler air may reach the nearby coast and make local coastal temperatures relatively lower, so option B is correct. Option A is generally associated with warm ocean currents. A cold current can influence temperature but cannot keep it exactly constant throughout the year or increase coastal altitude. Exam tip: warm currents raise nearby coastal temperatures, whereas cold currents lower them.

Q: If a warm ocean current reaches a high latitude coast which effect can it reduce?

Effect of latitudinal coldness A warm current brings heat and can make a high latitude coast milder. In exams treat currents as modifiers of latitude effect.

Q: What is the main reason for land water contrast in temperature distribution?

Land heats and cools quickly Land has lower heat capacity so its temperature changes quickly. Link land water contrast with temperature range in exams.

Q: Why may isotherms of continental interiors in Northern Hemisphere appear more bent in January?

Land cools quickly in winter Northern Hemisphere has more land and in winter it cools rapidly. Understand January isotherms through land water contrast.

Q: Why can isotherms be more regular in the Southern Hemisphere than in the Northern Hemisphere?

Ocean area is larger there Oceans make temperature more uniform and moderate. Link regular Southern Hemisphere isotherms with ocean dominance.

Q: If a place has high altitude but lies at low latitude how should its temperature be evaluated?

By seeing both latitude and altitude Low latitude increases heat but altitude lowers temperature. In exams balance both effects together.

This Class 11 Geography topic explains how temperature varies across the Earth’s surface and through the atmosphere as part of solar radiation, heat balance, and temperature studies. Students learn about horizontal and vertical temperature distribution, the normal decrease of temperature with altitude, and the factors that influence it, including latitude, land and water, ocean currents, winds, and relief. The topic also examines temperature inversion, its causes, types, and effects on air movement, fog, pollution, and local weather conditions.

Medium · Level 5 · 25 questions

Practice questions

01If tall buildings and narrow streets in a city retain heat at night this is related to which local temperature effect?

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Answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. Urban heat island

Urban structures can store and slowly release heat. In exams link higher urban night temperature with urban heat island.

Distribution of temperature and inversion of temperature

Practice questions

07What is the main reason for land water contrast in temperature distribution?तापमान वितरण में स्थल जल अंतर का मुख्य कारण क्या है?

12Why does vertical air mixing decrease during temperature inversion?तापमान उलटाव में ऊर्ध्व वायु मिश्रण कम क्यों हो जाता है?

13Under which condition is radiation temperature inversion more likely to form?किस परिस्थिति में विकिरणीय तापमान उलटाव बनने की संभावना अधिक होगी?

14If strong wind starts during temperature inversion what will happen?यदि तापमान उलटाव के दौरान तेज पवन चलने लगे तो क्या होगा?

15Why can smoke stay longer in a city during temperature inversion?तापमान उलटाव के समय शहर में धुआं अधिक देर तक क्यों रुक सकता है?

16Why may fruit orchards on valley floors face higher frost risk?किस कारण घाटी तल पर फल बागानों को पाले का अधिक खतरा हो सकता है?

18What is the combined reason for low daily temperature range in a humid coastal region?आर्द्र तटीय क्षेत्र में दैनिक ताप परिसर कम होने का संयुक्त कारण कौन सा है?

19Why does high daily temperature range develop in deserts?मरुस्थलों में उच्च दैनिक ताप परिसर किस कारण विकसित होता है?

20Why can cloud cover affect day and night temperature in opposite ways?बादल आवरण दिन और रात के तापमान को विपरीत तरीके से क्यों प्रभावित कर सकता है?

21If temperature increases in an area after deforestation which reason is most correct?यदि वन कटाई के बाद किसी क्षेत्र में तापमान बढ़ता है तो कौन सा कारण सबसे सही है?

22What is the reason for higher night temperature in urban heat island?शहरी ऊष्मा द्वीप में रात का तापमान अधिक रहने का कारण क्या है?

23Why can a black asphalt road be warmer than white snow?काली डामर सड़क सफेद हिम की तुलना में अधिक गर्म क्यों हो सकती है?

24If surface albedo increases what effect is possible on local temperature?यदि सतह का एल्बीडो बढ़ जाए तो स्थानीय तापमान पर क्या प्रभाव संभव है?

25Why can temperature be higher on a south facing slope in the Northern Hemisphere?उत्तरी गोलार्ध में दक्षिणमुखी ढाल पर तापमान अधिक क्यों हो सकता है?

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07What is the main reason for land water contrast in temperature distribution?

12Why does vertical air mixing decrease during temperature inversion?

13Under which condition is radiation temperature inversion more likely to form?

14If strong wind starts during temperature inversion what will happen?

15Why can smoke stay longer in a city during temperature inversion?

16Why may fruit orchards on valley floors face higher frost risk?

18What is the combined reason for low daily temperature range in a humid coastal region?

19Why does high daily temperature range develop in deserts?

20Why can cloud cover affect day and night temperature in opposite ways?

21If temperature increases in an area after deforestation which reason is most correct?

22What is the reason for higher night temperature in urban heat island?

23Why can a black asphalt road be warmer than white snow?

24If surface albedo increases what effect is possible on local temperature?

25Why can temperature be higher on a south facing slope in the Northern Hemisphere?