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Mineral phase changes inside Earth can cause what?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Change in seismic wave velocity

The direct answer is A: mineral phase changes can change seismic-wave velocity. A phase change means the same mineral material adopts a different crystal structure under changed pressure and temperature. That structural change can alter density and elasticity; seismic velocity depends on these physical properties, so the speed or path of waves may change. This is why phase changes help explain seismic discontinuities and the Earth’s transition zone. B is wrong because a deep mineral phase change does not immediately increase rainfall. C is unrelated to underground crystal structure. D is also unrelated; it cannot by itself end atmospheric oxygen. A is correct because it follows the physical chain: phase change → altered structure and properties → altered seismic velocity. Memory cue: a mineral phase boundary can produce a seismic jump.

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Mineral-PhaseVelocity-ChangeMantle

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