Standard Meridian of India and time zones

Correct answer: A. Understanding 2.4 percent as land percentage inside India

The governing concept is contextual interpretation of geographical statistics. The figure 2.4 percent is meaningful when understood as India’s approximate share of the world’s land area; it is not the percentage of land within India, because India itself is overwhelmingly land territory and the phrase “inside India” changes the reference base. Thus option A identifies a correct figure with a potentially incorrect interpretation. The other statements use standard geographical facts in their intended sense: about 3.28 million square kilometres refers to India’s area, 82°30'E is the Standard Meridian for Indian Standard Time, and 3,214 km is commonly given as the north-south extent. The key is always to identify what total or reference the percentage describes.

Correct answer: A. Area is the standard base of density calculation

The governing concept is population density, which expresses the number of people in relation to a unit of land area. The standard formula is population density = total population ÷ land area, commonly reported as persons per square kilometre. Consequently, accurate knowledge of area is essential when comparing how concentrated or dispersed populations are in different regions. Option A correctly identifies area as the denominator or base of the calculation. Option B confuses area with time, option C confuses two-dimensional surface with one-dimensional coastline length, and option D mistakes coordinate lines for a measurement of surface area.