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Which option is the best example of biological chemical weathering?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Lichens releasing acids and dissolving minerals

Direct answer: Option B, lichens releasing acids and dissolving minerals. Biological chemical weathering happens when living organisms cause a chemical change in rock. Lichens are organisms made of a fungus and an alga or similar partner. They grow on rock surfaces and can release weak organic acids. These acids react with minerals and help dissolve or alter them. Therefore, option B shows both parts: a biological agent, the lichen, and a chemical action, acid dissolution. Option A is not the best answer because earthworms mix and loosen soil mainly by physical biological activity; the option does not describe acid changing minerals. Option C describes abrasion by ice, which is mainly physical erosion or mechanical wear, not chemical weathering. Option D describes minerals expanding because of heat, which is physical weathering caused by temperature change, not a living organism or chemical reaction. Exam cue: when an organism releases acid and changes minerals, identify biological chemical weathering.

Related tags

Geomorphic ProcessesWeatheringBiochemical Weathering

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