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How does carbon dioxide mixed water act in carbonation?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: It forms weak acid and dissolves minerals

Carbonation is a chemical weathering process in which carbon dioxide combines with water to form weak carbonic acid, represented as \(\mathrm{H_2CO_3}\). This slightly acidic water can react with and dissolve minerals, especially carbonate minerals such as calcite in limestone. The process gradually weakens and removes parts of the rock, particularly where water can enter cracks and openings.

The important sequence is carbon dioxide plus water, formation of a weak acid, and chemical dissolution of susceptible minerals. It does not magnetise rocks, turn them into gold, or completely vaporise them. Because option A describes the actual chemical action of carbonated water, it is correct. The effect may be slow, but repeated contact with groundwater or rainwater can enlarge cracks and contribute to features such as cavities in limestone.

Related tags

CarbonationChemical WeatheringLimestone

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