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What happens to rocks when plant roots grow in cracks?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Cracks may become wider

Plant roots can enter small cracks in a rock and become thicker as the plant grows. Their growth presses against the sides of the crack, gradually forcing the opening wider. Repeated wetting, drying, and root growth can weaken the rock further. This is a form of biological weathering because a living organism contributes to the physical breakdown of the rock without melting it or turning it into a gas.

Option A is correct because roots may widen existing cracks. The wording “may become wider” is important: the change is gradual, not immediate, and its size depends on the rock, the root, and environmental conditions. A rock does not melt simply because a root enters it, nor does it become smoke. Weather does not stop; instead, biological activity works together with other weathering processes to weaken the material.

Related tags

Root PressureBiological WeatheringGeography

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