Geography

Mapping of the ocean floor

महासागर तल का मानचित्रण

In this Class 11 Geography topic from “Distribution of Oceans and Continents,” students learn how the ocean floor is mapped and interpreted. They explore major features such as continental shelves, slopes, deep-sea plains, mid-ocean ridges, trenches and seamounts, and understand how soundings, sonar and bathymetric maps reveal underwater relief. The topic also helps connect ocean-floor patterns with plate boundaries, seafloor spreading and the changing distribution of continents and oceans.

Practice questions

01 In ocean-floor mapping, the use of sound waves to measure depth is based on which principle?

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Answer and explanation

Mapping of the ocean floor

Practice questions

01 In ocean-floor mapping, the use of sound waves to measure depth is based on which principle?

02 What is the main purpose of bathymetry in studying deep oceanic regions?

03 What major improvement did echo sounding make over the traditional rope-and-weight method?

04 Which is the most suitable indicator for identifying the continental shelf on ocean-floor maps?

05 Why is mapping the continental slope important for understanding oceanic structure?

06 If a marine profile shows a sudden very deep and narrow part, which feature may it indicate?

07 Detailed mapping of mid-oceanic ridges strengthens which geological idea?

08 Mapping magnetic stripes on the ocean floor provides evidence for what?

09 In a contour map of the ocean floor, what are lines joining equal depth called?

10 In ocean-floor mapping, satellite altimetry indirectly estimates relief from which information?

11 On a map, the main difference between a seamount and a guyot can be identified on what basis?

12 How is an abyssal plain identified on a bathymetric map?

13 Mapping submarine canyons on the ocean floor is especially helpful in understanding which process?

14 Why are surface navigation charts alone insufficient for knowing the real shape of the ocean floor?

15 What can mapping sediment thickness on the ocean floor indicate about plate movement?

16 What is the advantage of multibeam sonar in ocean-floor mapping?

17 How does studying ridges and trenches together in ocean-floor mapping clarify plate boundaries?

18 Finding crust of similar age at equal distances on both sides of a mid-ocean ridge strengthens which conclusion?

19 Before ocean-floor mapping, why was the ocean floor often assumed to be flat?

20 In ocean-floor maps, fracture zones and transform faults indicate what?

21 How does high-resolution ocean-floor mapping help in understanding earthquake and volcanic belts?

22 What is the main advantage of showing ocean-depth data through colour gradation?

23 In which situation may a map made by single-beam echo sounding miss small sea-floor features?

24 Why did mapping sea-floor features become decisive for global plate tectonics?

25 The deepest parts of the ocean floor are generally related to which feature?

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