Geography

Mapping of the ocean floor

महासागर तल का मानचित्रण

In this Class 11 Geography topic from “Distribution of Oceans and Continents,” students learn how the ocean floor is mapped and interpreted. They explore major features such as continental shelves, slopes, deep-sea plains, mid-ocean ridges, trenches and seamounts, and understand how soundings, sonar and bathymetric maps reveal underwater relief. The topic also helps connect ocean-floor patterns with plate boundaries, seafloor spreading and the changing distribution of continents and oceans.

Practice questions

01 Why is half of the total travel time of a sound wave used in echo sounding?

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Answer and explanation

Mapping of the ocean floor

Practice questions

01 Why is half of the total travel time of a sound wave used in echo sounding?

02 If isobaths suddenly become dense on a bathymetric map, which conclusion is most suitable?

03 Why is identifying the shelf break necessary while mapping the continental margin?

04 Why are maps made by multibeam sonar more detailed than simple line sounding?

05 How is satellite altimetry different from direct sonar measurement in ocean floor mapping?

06 Mapping an oceanic trench is especially useful for identifying which plate boundaries?

07 Gradual relief spread on both sides of a mid-oceanic ridge may indicate which process?

08 What is the usual sequence from coast to deep ocean in an ocean floor profile?

09 Why does mapping sediment thickness help in understanding the history of the ocean floor?

10 If a shallow shelf is very wide in a marine region, which use is more likely?

11 How should a submarine canyon be distinguished from a river valley in ocean floor mapping?

12 Which information is most useful for estimating sea-floor slope?

13 How can the relation between a seamount and island formation be understood?

14 By which feature is a guyot identified on an ocean floor map?

15 Why are colours and shading used in a digital elevation model of the ocean floor?

16 Why is combining multiple surveys useful for error correction in ocean floor mapping?

17 Which use of bathymetric data is most important in deciding submarine cable routes?

18 What problem can arise from reading map scale incorrectly in ocean floor mapping?

19 Why can water temperature and salinity be indirectly important in sonar-based depth measurement?

20 Which information from ocean floor mapping is especially useful in natural hazard studies?

21 How is mapping the continental rise related to sediment deposition?

22 Studying abyssal plains in ocean floor mapping helps understand what?

23 If depth increases gradually in a bathymetric profile, which condition is more likely?

24 What is the main difference between a trench and a rift valley in ocean floor relief mapping?

25 Why can a steep sea-floor area be considered sensitive for navigation?

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