Layers of the atmosphere

Correct answer: B. Stratosphere

The correct answer is B, the stratosphere. Most atmospheric ozone is concentrated there, forming the region commonly called the ozone layer. The troposphere can contain some ozone, but it is not where most of the ozone layer is found; the lithosphere is part of the solid Earth, not the atmosphere.

Correct answer: C. Ultraviolet rays — पराबैंगनी किरणें

The correct answer is C, ultraviolet rays. Ozone in the stratosphere absorbs nearly all incoming UVC and much of the UVB radiation. If the ozone layer becomes thinner, more harmful ultraviolet radiation can reach Earth’s surface and increase risks such as skin and eye damage.

Correct answer: B. Ultraviolet radiation

The correct answer is B, ultraviolet radiation. Ozone in the stratosphere absorbs much of the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation before it reaches Earth’s surface, helping reduce damage to living things.

Correct answer: C. It absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun

The correct answer is C. Stratospheric ozone absorbs much of the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation before it reaches Earth’s surface. This helps protect living organisms from excessive UV exposure. Ozone does not increase nitrogen, turn dust into soil, or destroy all clouds.

Correct answer: B. More ultraviolet radiation reaching Earth

Correct answer: B. Ozone in the stratosphere absorbs much of the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation, especially UV-B. If the ozone layer weakens, it absorbs less, allowing more UV radiation to reach Earth’s surface. This increased exposure can harm people and other living things.

Correct answer: A. Most weather processes are linked to the lower atmosphere

A is correct. Most atmospheric water vapour is in the troposphere, where it helps form clouds and precipitation. This supports the fact that most everyday weather develops in the lower atmosphere. The troposphere is not the only place where water vapour can occur, and it contains many gases.

Correct answer: A. More ultraviolet radiation reaches Earth’s surface

Correct answer: A. Ozone in the stratosphere absorbs much of the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation, especially UV-B. When the ozone layer is depleted, it filters less radiation, so more ultraviolet radiation reaches Earth’s surface.

Correct answer: C. Stratosphere

The correct answer is C, the stratosphere. Most atmospheric ozone is concentrated there, forming the ozone layer that absorbs much of the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation.

Correct answer: B. Because the atmosphere is relatively stable there

The correct answer is B. The lower stratosphere is generally more stable than the troposphere, where most clouds and weather occur. This relative stability can mean less weather-related turbulence for aircraft.

Correct answer: C. Ozone layer

The correct answer is C, the ozone layer. Ozone concentrated mainly in the stratosphere absorbs much of the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation, helping protect living things from excessive exposure.

Correct answer: D. Troposphere

The correct answer is D, the troposphere. Earth’s gravity pulls air toward the surface, and the weight of the air above compresses the lower atmosphere. As a result, air density is greatest in the troposphere and generally decreases with altitude.

Correct answer: A. Troposphere

The correct answer is A, the troposphere. Most atmospheric water vapour enters the air through evaporation at Earth’s surface, and it is concentrated in the lowest layer. Cooling and condensation there also produce most clouds and precipitation.

Correct answer: B. Troposphere

The correct answer is B, the troposphere. It contains most atmospheric water vapour. When moist air rises and cools, water vapour condenses into tiny water droplets or ice crystals, which gather to form clouds.

Correct answer: D. Mesopause

The correct answer is D, the mesopause. Temperature generally decreases with height through the mesosphere, reaching its lowest atmospheric values near the mesopause, which separates the mesosphere from the thermosphere.

Correct answer: A. Troposphere

The correct answer is A, the troposphere. Most atmospheric water vapour and dust are found in this lowest layer. Water vapour can condense on tiny particles to form clouds, and processes in the troposphere produce ordinary weather.

Correct answer: A. Ultraviolet rays

The correct answer is A, ultraviolet rays. Ozone in the stratosphere absorbs much of the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation. If the ozone layer is weakened, more of this radiation can reach Earth’s surface and increase risks to people and other living things.

Correct answer: C. Tropopause

C is correct. The troposphere is the lowest atmospheric layer, and its upper boundary is the tropopause. Thus, moving upward from Earth's surface, the tropopause is encountered before the higher boundaries such as the stratopause and mesopause.

Correct answer: A. Exosphere

The correct answer is A, the exosphere. It is the outermost atmospheric layer, where gas particles are extremely far apart and the air is far too thin to provide enough oxygen for unassisted breathing. In contrast, air in the lower troposphere and near sea level is much denser.

Correct answer: B. Troposphere

The correct answer is B, the troposphere. Most water vapour and clouds are found there, and rising, cooling air helps produce clouds and precipitation. Thus, most everyday weather occurs in this lowest atmospheric layer.

Correct answer: C. Remember the order of the layers and their main function

The atmosphere is studied as a sequence of layers, each having characteristic temperature changes and functions. Therefore, the best first step is to learn their order and one key feature of each layer. Option C is correct because it creates a clear framework for later details. The other options are incorrect: layers do not occur only over oceans, their temperatures differ, and the atmosphere is clearly layered.

Correct answer: A. Changes in temperature and other properties with altitude

The correct answer is A. Atmospheric layers are distinguished by how temperature and other properties, such as pressure and composition, change with altitude. Ocean currents, soil texture and mountain age are not the basis for dividing the atmosphere into layers.

Correct answer: B. Because clouds, rain, and winds form in it

The correct answer is B. The troposphere contains most of the atmosphere’s water vapour. As moist air rises and cools, clouds can form and produce rain; moving air also creates winds. These are key weather processes, which is why the troposphere is called the weather layer.

Correct answer: C. Troposphere

The correct answer is C, the troposphere. It is the lowest atmospheric layer, where people and other organisms live and where most water vapour and ordinary weather are found. These features make it the atmospheric layer that most directly affects everyday life.

Correct answer: D. Because gravity keeps more air near Earth’s surface

The correct answer is D. Earth’s gravity holds atmospheric gases close to the planet, making air most concentrated near the surface. Since the troposphere is the lowest atmospheric layer, it contains a large share of the atmosphere’s mass. Air pressure and density generally decrease with increasing altitude.

Correct answer: B. Troposphere

The correct answer is B, the troposphere. The tropopause marks the top of the troposphere; the stratosphere lies above it. The name itself indicates the boundary associated with the troposphere.